“友善”的传统渊源与价值辨析  

Analysis of the Traditional Origins and Value of“Friendliness”

作　　者：金雪琴 姚新中[1,2] Jin Xueqin;Yao Xinzhong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院 [2]中国人民大学伦理学与道德建设中心

出　　处：《中国文化与管理》2024年第2期75-84,258,共11页Chinese Culture and Management

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国传统文化与人类共同价值研究”(项目编号:23JJD720003)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：“友善”作为社会主义核心价值观之一,汲取了传统儒家朋友观的优秀思想资源。要深刻地阐释“友善”的人文精神和道德内涵,就必须回归到“朋友”概念本身。朋友的指称历经变迁,从兄弟相爱、乡邻互助推扩为社会性的普遍交往关系,而朋友的内涵则由“友爱”“友助”走向“友善”。这一转变标志着朋友概念的成熟,其统摄范围也由私人领域走向熟人领域进而扩展到公共领域。通过厘清“朋友”概念的传统渊源可知,当代“友善”价值观继承了传统儒家对社会人际关系的关切,突出表现为牢铸中华民族共同体意识、维系社会法治与人情的平衡以及倡导互利共赢的社会和谐氛围。“Friendliness”,one of the core socialist values,extracts from the excellent intellectual resources of traditional Confucian views on friendship.The profound interpretation of its humanistic spirit and its moral connotation must retrospect to the concept of“friend”.The designation of“friend”has evolved from fraternal and brotherly love and neighborly assistance to universal social relationships;and the connotation of“friend”has shifted from“friendly love”and“friendly help”to“friendliness”.This transition marks the maturity of the“friend”concept,expanding its scope from the private realm to the familiar realm and further to the public realm.The traditional origins of the concept of“friend”shows that contemporary values of“friendliness”inherit the traditional Confucian concern for social interpersonal relationships,prominently reflected in forging a strong sense of national community,in balancing social rule of law with human sentiment,and in advocating a mutually beneficial and win-win harmonious atmosphere.

关 键 词：儒家 友善 友爱 友助 朋友 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B82-05