可变马赫数乘波体的宽速域性能优势探究  

ADVANTAGE EXPLORING OF VARIABLE MACH NUMBER WAVERIDER IN HYPERSONIC WIDE-SPEED PERFORMANCES

作　　者：孟旭飞 白鹏[1] 刘传振[1] Meng Xufei;Bai Peng;Liu Chuanzhen(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074

出　　处：《力学学报》2024年第12期3442-3454,共13页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U22B20133和12272366)。

摘　　要：可变马赫数乘波体被认为在高超声速阶段具有良好的宽速域性能,但学者们将其与传统的固定马赫数乘波体比较时,大都未限制相同的平面形状和容积,导致关于其宽速域性能优势的论证不充分.文章使用定平面形状乘波体设计方法设计可变马赫数乘波体,并生成具有相同平面形状和相等容积的固定马赫数乘波体,以此比较探究可变马赫数乘波体在高超声速阶段的宽速域性能优势.同时结合计算流体力学手段分析流场,给出初步解释.结果表明,与相同平面形状和相等容积的固定马赫数外形相比,在高超声速阶段,可变马赫数乘波体的宽速域升阻比没有优势;同时,可变马赫数基准流场及其导致的乘波曲面变化对纵向稳定性几乎没有影响.我们推测即使采用传统方法设计的乘波体在高超声速阶段也具有较好的宽速域性能,因此未来对乘波体宽速域性能的改进应该着重于亚跨超等严重偏离设计状态的阶段,而不是高超声速阶段.The variable Mach number waverider(VMW)is considered to perform well in the wide-speed range during hypersonic stage.However,when scholars compared it with the traditional fixed Mach number waverider(FMW),the constraints of identical planform shape and equal volume were not imposed.Accordingly,the previously illustrated advantages in wide-speed performance were not persuasive.In this paper,the VMW configurations were generated using the planform-customized waverider design method by giving leading-edge profiles.Meanwhile,the FMW configurations with identical planform shapes and equal volumes were also generated,and hence to explore whether the performance advantages of VMW in hypersonic wide-speed range existed.Computational fluid dynamic techniques were employed to analyze flow fields,providing preliminary explanations for the performances.Results showed that compared with the FMW with identical planform shape and equal volume,there were no superior advantages for the lift-to-drag ratios of the VMW in hypersonic wide-speed range.Moreover,the variable Mach number flow fields employed as basis flow fields and therefore the corresponding change of waverider surfaces hardly influenced longitudinal stability when the planform shape was fixed.We guess that the traditional waveriders using fixed Mach number flow fields themselves have satisfactory wide-speed performances in hypersonic stage.Consequently,improvement of the wide-speed performance for waveriders ought to focus on the subsonic,transonic and supersonic stages which dramatically deviate the on-design state,rather than hypersonic stage.

关 键 词：乘波体 可变马赫数 定平面形状 等容积 宽速域 

分 类 号：V221.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]