硫酸铜胁迫对小麦种子淀粉分解、抗氧化特性及幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of CuSO 4 Stress on Starch Decomposition in Seed,Anti-Oxidant Properties and Seedling Growth of Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

作　　者：许世初 梁丹丹 邹帆 屠钰欢 郭天荣[1] 王海[1] 莫亿伟[1] XU Shichu;LIANG Dandan;ZOU Fan;TU Yuhuan;GUO Tianrong;WANG Hai;MO Yiwei(School of Life and Environmental Sciences,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命与环境科学学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2025年第1期112-120,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500321)。

摘　　要：为了揭示Cu^(2+)胁迫对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的毒害机制,采用水培法,在1/100的MS培养基里加入不同剂量的CuSO_(4)[0(CK)、30、60和90 mg·kg^(-1)],对小麦进行浸种和幼苗培养,测定小麦种子、幼叶及种子根的生理指标和生长参数。结果表明,与CK相比,CuSO_(4)胁迫下小麦种子萌发过程中的淀粉酶活性、淀粉粒分解速率、可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白和氨基酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著降低(P<0.05),过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著增加。种子萌发后,种子根内SOD、CAT和POD活性均随CuSO_(4)浓度的增加而增加,但呼吸脱氢酶活性、超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-·))含量和H_(2) O_(2)荧光强度均显著下降。小麦幼苗在CuSO_(4)胁迫下Cu主要积累于种子根内,导致根尖有丝分裂明显受阻,使株高、根长、种子根数量和植株干重均显著下降。综上,Cu^(2+)对小麦幼苗的毒害表现出剂量依赖性效应;Cu^(2+)通过降低小麦种子萌发阶段的淀粉酶活性抑制淀粉分解,引起氧化损伤,最终阻碍幼苗生长。In order to reveal the toxic mechanism of Cu^(2+)stress on wheat seed germination and seedling growth,different doses of CuSO_(4)[0(CK),30,60,and 90 mg·kg^(-1)]were added to 1/100 MS medium for soaking and seedling cultivation of wheat by hydroponics,and physiological indicators and growth parameters of wheat seeds,young leaves,and seed roots were measured.The results showed that compared with the CK,the amylase activity,starch granule decomposition rate,total soluble sugar,soluble protein and amino acid content,and antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activity of wheat seeds during germination under CuSO_(4) stress were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the peroxidase(POD)activity was significantly increased.After seed germination,the activities of SOD,CAT,and POD in the seed roots increased with the increase of CuSO_(4) concentration,but the activity of respiratory dehydrogenase,the content of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-·)),and the fluorescence intensity of H_(2) O_(2) all significantly decreased.Under CuSO_(4) stress,Cu^(2+)was mainly accumulated in the seed roots of seedlings,leading to significant inhibition of root tip mitosis,and resulting in a significant decrease in plant height,root length,number of seed roots,and plant dry weight.In summary,the toxicity of Cu^(2+)to wheat seedlings exhibits a concentration dependent dose-response relationship.Cu^(2+)inhibits starch degradation during wheat seed germination by reducing amylase activity,causing oxidative damage and ultimately hindering seedling growth.

关 键 词：小麦 种子 硫酸铜 抗氧化特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311