基于NbS的海岛生态保护修复思考  

Reflection on Island Ecological Protection and Restoration Based on NbS

作　　者：黄珊 张志卫 郭斌[2] 孙永根 王雁昕 HUANG Shan;ZHANG Zhiwei;GUO Bin;SUN Yonggen;WANG Yanxin(Research Center of Coastal Science and Marine Planning,First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Shanxi Huaye Survey Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所海岸带科学与海洋发展战略研究中心,山东青岛266061 [2]山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,山东青岛266590 [3]山西华冶勘测工程技术有限公司,山西太原030000

出　　处：《海岸工程》2024年第4期360-372,共13页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42376228);福建省海岛资源生态监测与保护利用重点实验室开放基金课题(2022ZD10)。

摘　　要：海岛生态系统由于其生态脆弱性以及重要的环境、经济和人文价值,近年来受到人们的广泛关注,随着气候变化和不合理的人类活动,其结构和功能受到了严重干扰。实施海岛生态保护修复是改善海岛生态的重要方式。基于自然的解决方案(Nature-Based Solutions,NbS)是一种应对生态和环境挑战时的创新性策略,在生态保护修复中正在发挥重要作用。本文综述了NbS在海岛生态保护修复方面的最新研究进展,总结了NbS的特点不仅在于通过模拟自然生态系统的生态功能,还能够提高生物多样性,有效改善海岛生态系统的稳定性和持续性。阐述了NbS的概念和原则,强调了其与传统基础设施的区别,并分析了在海岛环境中应用的优势;评价了NbS在海岛生态保护修复案例的实际效果,发现NbS不仅能够提高生态系统的抗灾能力,还能促进当地社区的可持续发展;指出了NbS在海岛生态系统中的潜在挑战和限制主要包括技术创新、资源投入和社会参与等方面。最后提出建议,建议加强跨尺度与多系统协同管理和国际合作以推广实施NbS,建立多元融资机制和科学的修复技术标准以及跨学科融合和多方参与,实现NbS在海岛生态保护修复中更多的应用,为构建健康、持续的海岛生态系统贡献力量。The island ecosystem has received wide attention in recent years due to its ecological fragility and significant values in environment,economy and humanity.With the climate change and irrational human activities,however,the structures and functions of the island ecosystem have severely disrupted,so that to carry out the island ecological protection and restoration becomes an important way for improving the island ecology.The nature-based solution(NbS)is an innovative strategy for addressing ecological and environmental challenges and plays an important role in the island ecological protection and restoration.In this paper,the latest research progress on NbS in the context of island ecological protection and restoration is reviewed and the characteristics of NbS are summarized.It is indicated that the NbS can not only simulate the ecological functions of the natural ecosystem,but also enhance biodiversity and thus to improve effectively the stability and sustainability of the island ecosystem.In addition,the concept and principles of NbS are elaborated,the differences between NbS and traditional infrastructure are highlighted,the advantages of the application of NbS in island environment are analyzed and the actual effects of NbS in island ecological protection and restoration are evaludated.It is found that the NbS can not only improve the resilience ability of the ecosystem,but also fosters the sustainable development of local communities.It is pointet out that the potential challenges and limitations of NbS in island ecosystems mainly include aspects such as technological innovation,resource investment,and social participation.Finally,some suggestions are proposed,which include enhancing the cross-scale and multi-system collaborative management and international cooperation in order to generalize and implement the NbS and establishing the diversified financing mechanisms and scientific restoration technical standards as well as implementing the interdisciplinary integration and multi-party participation in orde

关 键 词：海岛生态系统 生态保护修复 基于自然的解决方案 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]