某火力发电厂承压部件失效分析  

Failure Analysis of Pressure Components in a Thermal Power Plant

作　　者：李雨聪 徐铭悦 张燕明 王帅[1] 徐音[1] LI Yucong;XU Mingyue;ZHANG Yanming;WANG Shuai;XU Yin(Liaoning Petrochemical College,Jinzhou 121007,Liaoning,China;Datang Northeast Electric Power Test&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石化职业技术学院,辽宁锦州121007 [2]大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司,长春130102

出　　处：《能源研究与管理》2024年第4期165-171,共7页Energy Research and Management

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目“火力发电厂灵活调峰背景下低负荷运行经济性研究”(LJ212412900005);辽宁石化职业技术学院2023年度课题成果(LSHYJY2302)。

摘　　要：为分析火力发电厂主要承压部件失效机制,针对火力发电厂中包墙过热器管壁泄漏失效和循环水泵泄漏失效问题,通过硬度检测、宏观观察对包墙管过热器泄漏失效原因进行分析;采用宏观观察、材质分析、金相分析方法对循环水泵失效问题进行原因分析,并提出了安全生产防范措施。结果表明:包墙过热器管泄漏失效是由于鳍片安装不规范导致烟气冲刷管壁泄露,循环水泵泄露失效是分半挡圈脱落导致的。更换顶棚包墙过热器管束和吊挂管管束,清理空气预热器板结积灰,能彻底消除此项隐患,再次投入使用锅炉稳定运行162 d。将循环水泵相关部件固定螺栓等进行更换,对护管和套筒中腐蚀部位进行处理后循环水泵正常运行,截止目前仍在正常使用中。In order to analyze the failure mechanism of the main pressure bearing components in thermal power plants, and toaddress the problems of leakage failure of the wall tube superheater and circulating water pump in thermal power plants, thecauses of leakage failure of the wall tube superheater were analyzed through hardness testing and macroscopic observation.Using macroscopic observation, material analysis, and metallographic analysis methods, the causes of the failure of thecirculating water pump were analyzed, and the safety production prevention measures were proposed. The results showed thatthe leakage failure of the wall mounted superheater tube was caused by improper installation of fins, which led to the leakageof flue gas flushing the tube wall. The leakage failure of the circulating water pump was caused by the detachment of the halfretaining ring. Replacing the ceiling wall mounted superheater tube bundle and hanging tube bundle, cleaning the dustaccumulation on the air preheater plate, can completely eliminate this hidden danger, and put the boiler back into stableoperation for 162 days. After replacing the fixing bolts of the relevant components of the circulating water pump and treatingthe corroded parts in the protective tube and sleeve, the circulating water pump is still operating normally and is still in normaluse up to now.

关 键 词：承压部件 失效 包墙过热器 循环水泵 

分 类 号：TK418[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]