体育教师政策何以遭遇执行偏差——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的分析  

Constraints and Optimization Strategies of P.E.Teachers’Policy Implementation in China:Analysis based on Smith’s Policy Implementation Process Model

作　　者：刘特 董国永[1,2] LIU Te;DONG Guoyong(School of P.E.,Central China Normal Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;Research Inst.of Sports Culture,Central China Normal Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学体育文化研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2024年第12期84-89,共6页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BTY060)。

摘　　要：体育教师政策的有效执行是体育教师队伍与学校体育高质量发展的重要保障。运用文献资料法、访谈法等方法对我国体育教师政策执行的阻滞因素与纾解方略展开探究。研究发现,新世纪以来我国体育教师政策重点聚焦于加快配齐配强、加强待遇保障、强化专业发展、完善督导评价四个方面。体育教师政策文本的内在限制阻遏政策执行力度、行政组织协同度低与监督乏力消解政策执行效能、部分学校领导与体育教师的认知偏差增大政策执行阻力、应试教育与职业污名化的冲击弱化政策执行基础等制约着体育教师政策功能的有效发挥。为此,需完善政策顶层设计,优化政策衔接与工具配置;健全协同治理机制,完善政策执行的监督制度;深化目标群体认知,增强政策认同与执行意愿;净化政策执行环境,营造良好的政策执行生态。Effective implementation of P.E.teacher policies is the guarantee for the quality development of P.E.teachers and school sports.Analysis of problems and countermeasures of China’s P.E.teacher policies showed that the policies focused on the professional training of the teachers,promoting the labor protection benefits,strengthening the professional development,and perfecting the supervision and evaluation.Low coordination and weak supervision among administrative organizations undermined the effectiveness of policy implementation.Some school leaders and P.E.teachers did not understand the policies.The impact of exam oriented education and occupational stigmatization weakened the policy implementation,which restricted the effective functioning of the policies.It was important to improve the toplevel design of policies,to optimize the policy and tool integration,to establish a sound collaborative governance mechanism,to improve the supervision system,to deepen the understanding of the targeted groups,to enhance the policy recognition and implementation willingness,to purify the implementation environment and to create a favorable implementation ecology.

关 键 词：体育教师 政策执行 执行偏差 史密斯模型 学校体育 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]