隧道环境地铁列车空调冷凝风对空调机组通风影响研究  

Study on the Effect of the Condensing Air of the Air Conditioner of Metro Trains on the Ventilation of the Air Conditioning Unit in the Tunnel Environment

作　　者：王维斌 陈大伟 姚拴宝 陈洋洋 WANG Weibin;CHEN Dawei;YAO Shuanbao;CHEN Yangyang(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第6期78-86,共9页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：隧道环境中,地铁列车空调机组冷凝散热产生的热风会进一步提升空调机组周围空气的温度,对空调机组的冷凝散热及新风进风等产生不利影响。文章建立了包含隧道、地铁列车整车及转向架和受电弓,包括冷凝风机、离心风机、压缩机、蒸发及冷凝换热器等主要部件在内的空调机组等完整三维全流场仿真模型,采用旋转参考坐标系模型处理轴流及离心风机的旋转运动,在车辆阻塞工况、正常运行工况下,对在不同隧道断面采用不同冷凝通风结构的空调机组的冷凝通风及新风通风进行了仿真计算,对典型截面的速度场、温度场,冷凝热风对自身机组冷凝通风及对相邻空调机组新风进风温度的影响等进行了综合分析。研究表明,隧道形状的影响主要体现在阻塞工况,矩形隧道截面积较小,对静态冷凝散热不利,而隧道形状对运行工况的影响差异较小;压风式和吸风式冷凝通风的对比影响比较明显,阻塞和运行工况下,采用吸风式冷凝通风结构方案对自身机组冷凝散热及相邻空调机组新风进风温度的影响小于压风式冷凝通风结构方案方案。In the tunnel environment,the hot air generated by condensing heat dissipation of the air conditioning unit of metro trains will further increase the air temperature around the air conditioning unit and have an adverse effect on the condensing heat dissipation and fresh air inlet of the air conditioning unit.This article establishes a complete 3D full-flow field simulation model for the tunnel,the whole metro train,the bogie and the pantograph,as well as the air conditioning unit,including the main components such as the condensate fan,the centrifugal fan,the compressor and the evaporating and condensing heat exchanger.It uses a rotating model with a reference coordinate system to treat the rotational motion of the axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan.In blockage condition and normal operational conditions of the train,the simulating calculation is made for the condensing ventilation and the fresh air ventilation of the air conditioning unit with different condensing ventilation structures for different tunnel sections.A comprehensive analysis is performed on the effect of the speed field,the temperature field and the condensing hot air of typical sections on the condensing ventilation of the air conditioning unit itself and on the fresh air inlet temperature of its adjacent air conditioning unit.It turns out from the study that the effect of the tunnel shape is mainly reflected in the blockage condition because the rectangular section area of the tunnel is small,which is unfavorable to static condensing heat dissipation,while the effect of the tunnel shape on the operating condition is less different.The contrast between the effects on the compressed condensing ventilation and the suction condensing ventilation is more obvious.In both blockage and operating conditions,the effect of the suction condensing ventilation structure on the condensing heat dissipation of the air conditioning unit and on the fresh air inlet temperature of its adjacent air conditioning unit is smaller than that on the compressed condens

关 键 词：地铁列车 隧道 空调通风系统 冷凝通风 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U270.383[机械工程—车辆工程]