低氧胁迫对虹鳟心脏生化指标和低氧相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of Hypoxia Stress on Biochemical Indices and Expression of Hypoxia-Related Genes in the Heart of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

作　　者：马九菊 黄进强[1] 李永娟[1] 吴深基 赵璐 曾粤 MA Jiuju;HUANG Jinqiang;LI Yongjuan;WU Shenji;ZHAO Lu;ZENG Yue(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2025年第1期82-92,共11页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060823)资助。

摘　　要：虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)是一种低氧敏感性鱼类,低氧胁迫下其生长、行为、代谢和免疫等均会受到影响。为了解低氧胁迫对虹鳟心脏生化指标和低氧相关基因表达的影响,本研究用酶活性测定和实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)方法,分析中度低氧[(4.5±0.1)mg/L]和重度低氧[(3.0±0.1)mg/L]胁迫4、8、12、24 h、中度低氧1个月(TMM)、重度低氧1个月(TMS)及复氧[(8.5±0.1)mg/L]12 h和24 h后虹鳟心脏中生化指标变化以及低氧相关基因的表达情况。结果显示,在中度低氧胁迫下,虹鳟心脏中丙酮酸激酶(PK)、总胆固醇(TC)、乳酸(LD)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)水平在8 h时升高,24 h时降低,复氧后仍显著高于对照水平(P<0.05)。在重度低氧胁迫下,琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性随低氧胁迫时间延长逐渐升高,在8 h时达到峰值(P<0.05),24 h和复氧后均与对照无显著性差异(P>0.05)。三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)、脂肪酶(LPS)、TC、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和GPT水平在12 h时降低,复氧后均恢复至正常水平(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,TMM组和TMS组中PK、TC、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和GPT水平均显著升高(P<0.05)。在中度低氧胁迫下,sdh、fih1和hif-1α基因表达量在8 h显著升高(P<0.05),复氧后均恢复至正常水平。在重度低氧胁迫下,ldh、pk、sdh、hif-1α、egln-1和vhl基因表达量在24 h时显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,TMM和TMS组中ldh、pk、sdh、fih1、egln-1和vhl基因表达量在中度低氧胁迫下降低但无显著性差异(P>0.05),重度低氧胁迫下pk、sdh和vhl基因表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。本研究结果表明,低氧胁迫使虹鳟心脏发生代谢紊乱,影响体内正常的代谢水平,并对虹鳟心脏造成一定损伤。本研究可为进一步阐明虹鳟低氧胁迫的调控机制提供基础资料。Rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)is a hypoxia-sensitive fish,and its growth,behavior,metabolism,and immunity are affected in hypoxic environments.To elucidate the effects of hypoxic stress on the heart of rainbow trout,biochemical indices and hypoxia-related gene expression were measured during moderate(4.5±0.1 mg/L)and severe hypoxia(3.0±0.1 mg/L)stress for 4 h,8 h,12 h,and 24 h;moderate hypoxia for 1 month(TMM);severe hypoxia for 1 month(TMM);and reoxygenation(8.5±0.1 mg/L)for 12 h and 24 h using enzyme activity assays and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).The results showed that the pyruvate kinase(PK),total cholesterol(TC),lactic acid(LD),and glutamine aminotransferase(GPT)reactivates increased at 8 h,decreased at 24 h,and were significantly higher than the control levels after reoxygenation(P<0.05)under moderate hypoxic stress.Under severe hypoxic stress,the succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)activities gradually increased and peaked at 8 h(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed between the control at 24 h and after reoxygenation(P>0.05).The adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase),lipase(LPS),TC,glutamic transaminase(GOT),and GPT reactivates decreased at 12 h and recovered to normal levels after reoxygenation(P>0.05).The PK,TC,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and GPT reactivates were significantly higher in the TMM and TMS groups than those in the control group(P<0.05).The expressions of succinate dehydrogenase gene(sdh),factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1(fih1),and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(hif-1α)were significantly increased at 8 h compared to those of the control(P<0.05)and returned to normal reactivates after reoxygenation.Under severe hypoxic stress,lactate dehydrogenase gene(ldh),pyruvate kinase gene(pk),sdh,hif-1α,proline hydroxylase domain protein 2(egln-1),and von Hippel-Lindau(vhl)expressions were significantly increased at 24 h(P<0.05)compared to those under moderate hypoxic stress.Compared with those of the control group,ldh,pk,sdh,hif-1α,egln-1,and vhl expressions

关 键 词：虹鳟 低氧胁迫 生化指标 代谢 基因表达 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]