基于改进PBFT的车联网抗攻击信誉管理方案  

An anti-attack trust management scheme based on improved PBFT for internet of vehicles

作　　者：罗瑞涵 蔡英[1] 范艳芳[1] 李志博 LUO Ruihan;CAI Ying;FAN Yanfang;LI Zhibo(College of Computer Science,Beijing Information Science&Technology University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学计算机学院,北京102206

出　　处：《北京信息科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期38-44,110,共8页Journal of Beijing Information Science and Technology University（Science and Technology Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61672106);北京市自然科学基金项目(L192023)。

摘　　要：为了提高车联网中车辆数据共享的安全性和效率,提出了一种基于改进实用拜占庭容错(practical Byzantine fault tolerance,PBFT)的抗攻击信誉管理方案,包括用于检测虚假信息的信誉模型和存储车辆信誉值的管理机制。基于贝叶斯推理的信誉模型,采用广义极端学生化偏差(generalized extreme studentized deviate,GESD)设计异常值过滤算法,过滤恶意车辆发送的异常间接信任,提高模型准确率;在基于区块链的管理机制中,采用优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)改进PBFT共识算法,减少共识节点的数量,并降低拜占庭节点成为主节点的概率,以保证共识效率。仿真实验表明,在混合恶意车辆占比50%的情况下,信誉方案仍具有0.74的准确率,且对开关攻击和诽谤攻击的防御效果更好;共识算法具有更高的吞吐量和更低的交易确认时延。In order to improve the security and efficiency of vehicle data sharing in the internet of vehicles,an anti-attack trust management scheme based on improved practical Byzantine fault tolerance(PBFT)was proposed,including trust model for detecting false information and management mechanism for storing vehicle trust values.The generalized extreme studentized deviate(GESD)was used to design outlier filtering algorithm based on the Bayesian inference trust model,to filter the abnormal indirect trust sent by malicious vehicles and improve the model accuracy.In the blockchain-based management mechanism,the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)was used to improve PBFT consensus algorithm,reduce the number of consensus nodes and decrease the probability of Byzantine nodes becoming master nodes to ensure the consensus efficiency.Simulation experiments show that the trust scheme still has an accuracy of 0.74 in the case of 50%hybrid malicious vehicles,and has better effectiveness against on-off attacks and defamation attacks.The consensus algorithm has higher throughput and lower transaction confirmation delay.

关 键 词：车联网 区块链 信誉管理 实用拜占庭容错 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]