挖掘机多路阀加速寿命试验加载方式研究  

Research on Loading Way of Multi-way Valve Acceleration Life Testing of Excavators

作　　者：王同建 兰思威 陈晋市 杨飞 张淼淼 张卫东 WANG Tongjian;LAN Siwei;CHEN Jinshi;YANG Fei;ZHANG Miaomiao;ZHANG Weidong(College of Mechanical and Aerospce Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Linde Hydraulics(China)Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261000,China;Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300409,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学机械与航空航天工程学院,吉林长春130022 [2]林德液压(中国)有限公司,山东潍坊261000 [3]天津工程机械研究院有限公司,天津300409

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期30-37,共8页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB2000902)。

摘　　要：为准确度量反铲液压挖掘机多路阀正常工作的可靠寿命,基于实测挖掘机挖掘作业时的载荷数据及Archard磨损方程提出两种多路阀正常工作的可靠性加速寿命预估试验方法.以20 t级反铲液压挖掘机为研究对象,首先采集液压挖掘机典型作业工况下的载荷数据,并根据挖掘机作业时多路阀阀口的压力特点,从载荷数据内提取出100组典型挖掘作业循环数据.为在短时间内度量出多路阀正常工作的可靠寿命,提出了同步加载和拟实加载两种加速寿命试验方法.其中同步加载采用A/B口封堵,输入主溢流阀的额定流量,并保持恒定,在连续换向过程中,利用主溢流阀的额定压力对多路阀进行压力加载,阀芯回到中位的稳态时间通过AMESim仿真得出,并利用材料变形等因素确定各阀口的保压时间.拟实加载则是各阀口按照挖掘机进行90°回转作业时各阀口动作顺序进行加载.最后运用Archard磨损方程计算出两种加速试验的加速倍数并结合多路阀实际工作状况得出,同步加载的加速倍数更大,而拟实加载则与真实工作循环更为贴近.To accurately measure the reliable life of the multi-way valve of the backhoe hydraulic excavator,two reliability accelerated life estimation test methods for the normal operation of the multi-way valve were proposed based on the measured load data of the excavator during excavation operation as well as the Archard wear equation.Taking the 20 t backhoe hydraulic excavator as the research object,the load data under the typical operating conditions of the hydraulic excavator are first collected,and 100 groups of typical excavation operation cycle data are extracted from the load data according to the pressure characteristics of the multi-way valve port during the operation of the excavator.To measure the reliable life of the normal operation of the multi-way valve in a short time,two accelerated life test methods of synchronous loading and simulated loading were proposed,where synchronous loading is the A/B port plugging,the rated flow rate of the main relief valve is input,and it is kept constant.In the process of continuous reversing,the rated pressure of the main relief valve is used to load the pressure of the multi-way valve,and the steady-state time of the valve core back to the median position is obtained by AMESim simulation and the pressure holding time of each valve port is determined by factors such as material deformation.Simulated loading means that each valve port is loaded following the action sequence of each valve port when the excavator performs a 90°rotation operation.Finally,the acceleration multipliers of the two acceleration tests are calculated using the Archard wear equation and combined with the actual working conditions of the multi-way valves.It concludes that the acceleration multipliers of synchronous loading are larger,while the simulated loading is closer to the actual working cycle.

关 键 词：多路阀 可靠性 寿命试验 Archard方程 载荷谱 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]