中国供应链发展的阶段性特征  

Stage Characteristics of China’s Supply Chain Development

作　　者：魏际刚[1] 董艳华[2] WEI Jigang;DONG Yanhua(Development Research Center of The State Council,Beijing 100010;Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]国务院发展研究中心,北京100010 [2]北京交通大学,北京100091

出　　处：《物流技术》2024年第11期55-71,共17页Logistics Technology

摘　　要：中国供应链发展呈现明显的阶段性特征。以1978年改革开放、2001年加入WTO以及2017年中美贸易战为时间节点,将中国供应链发展分为四个阶段。从发展的时代背景、供需状况、供应链管理方式,以及在世界供应链体系中的地位等多个维度,分析不同阶段中国供应链发展的主要特征,在历史实践中把握供应链发展趋势。研究认为中国供应链在2017年之后积极应对全球供应链重构,表现出对全球供应链的强大影响力,更加重视供应链安全,以及数字化、绿色化发展趋势。The development of China's supply chain presented obvious stage characteristics.Taking the reform and opening up in 1978,the accession to the WTO in 2001 and the Sino-US trade war in 2017 as time nodes,we divided the development course of China's supply chain into four stages,analyzed the main characteristics of each stage,and grasped the development trend in historical practice from multiple dimensions such as historical backgrounds,supply and demand conditions,supply chain management methods,and China's position in the global supply chain system.The research result shows that from 1949 to 1978,China was in the period of planned economy,during which the domestic commodity supply was insufficient,the supply chain system was mainly directive and planning driven,and its participation in the global supply chain system was limited.From 1979 to 2001,China carried out a comprehensive reform of its economic administration system and operating management methods,and actively developed equal and mutually beneficial economic cooperation with other countries.During this period,while becoming increasingly commodity abundant,China gradually closed the gap with developed countries,started to establish a market-oriented supply chain system,and began to integrate into the world supply chain system.After China's accession to the WTO in 2001,China ushered in a larger international space for economic development.With the rapid development of economy,the optimization of economic structure,and the localized innovation in various aspects of the supply chain system,China has become the core of Asia and a key node of the global supply chain system.In December 2017,the National Security Strategy Report released by the US government identified China as the primary competitor of the US,marking a major shift of the US policy towards China.Next,a series of major events such as the China-Us trade war,the COVID-19 epidemic,and the Russia-Ukraine conflict further intensified the uncertainty of the international political and economic environmen

关 键 词：供应链 阶段性特征 中国 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]