系统论法学视域下操纵比赛入刑的法教义学反思  

Reflection on the Criminalization of Match-Fixing from the Perspective of System Theory of Law

作　　者：宋彬龄[1,2] SONG Binling(Law school of Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Hunan Legalization and Local Governance,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学学部,湖南湘潭411105 [2]法治湖南建设与区域社会治理协同创新中心,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《体育科学》2024年第9期81-89,F0003,共10页China Sport Science

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(24A0131)。

摘　　要：操纵比赛入刑的争议本质上是积极刑法立法观和消极刑法立法观矛盾的典型体现。系统论法学回避了价值选择的难题,转而从功能主义视角寻求破解矛盾的新范式,可为操纵比赛的入刑问题提供新的刑事立法逻辑与要求。根据刑法子系统的闭合性,以现有刑法体系作为刑法子系统自我指涉的参照,诸多严重的操纵比赛行为还不能被我国刑法完全评价。体育诚信可作为宪法在刑法子系统与体育系统等子系统“结构耦合”的媒介,成为操纵比赛犯罪所要保护的法益,因此,我国有必要设立操纵比赛罪。但体育诚信作为集体法益,其受严重侵害或侵害威胁的判断方法与其他法益不同,必须要对操纵比赛罪的客观方面进行谨慎限制,才能符合宪法的比例原则。The controversy surrounding the criminalization of match-fixing is essentially a typical manifestation of the contradiction between positive and negative perspectives on criminal legislation.System theory of law avoids the difficulty of value selection and instead seeks a new paradigm for resolving this contradiction from a functionalist perspective.It can provide a new logical and regulatory framework for the criminal legislation of match-fixing.Based on the closure of the criminal law subsystem,the existing criminal law system serves as a self-referential reference within the criminal law subsystem.Many serious instances of match-fixing behavior have not been fully evaluated under the current criminal law system of China.Sports integrity can serve as a medium for“structural coupling”between the constitutional subsystem and the criminal law subsystem,as well as other subsystems such as the sports system,becoming the legally protected interest in the crime of match-fixing.Therefore,it is necessary to establish the crime of match-fixing in China.However,as sports integrity is a collective interest,the method of determining its severe infringement or threatened infringement differs from that of other interests.This implies that careful restrictions must be placed on the objective aspect of the crime of match-fixing to comply with the constitutional principle of proportionality.

关 键 词：系统论 操纵比赛 入刑 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]