由“器”向“魂”——《社会研究方法》若干问题榷议  

Some Issues in Methods of Social Research

作　　者：刘军[1] 侯玟冰 LIU Jun;HOU Wen-bing(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学人文社会科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期119-124,共6页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目“分析单位新释”(23FSHA001)。

摘　　要：国内外多数《社会研究方法》类著作和教材都将“方法”视为工具,缺失了方法的思想性,文章以知名教材《社会研究方法》(以下简称《方法》)为例加以辨析,指出《方法》中的某些表述仅体现了方法的工具性,也预设了经验-思辨、事实-价值的二分,这种二分本身在现实世界中并不成立。并且,《方法》所说社会研究的困难多数也不是困难。文章认为,社会研究的难点在于突破知性思维局限,进入概念思辨。在不深思“反映论”的情况下,该教材预设了语言图像说,而它早已被维特根斯坦所批判。实际上,方法本身和内容不可分,“方法”并非“工具”,而是关乎天道的“灵魂”。认识到这一点会增进方法类教学和研究的思想性。Most domestic and foreign works and textbooks on Methods of Social Research regard"methods"as tools and are short of the ideological nature of methods,so this paper attempts to analyze such a case by taking a well-known textbook Methods of Social Research(hereinafter referred to as Methods)as an example.As pointed out in the paper,some expressions in Methods of Social Research just reflect the instrumentality of the method,and also presuppose the dichotomy between experience and speculation as well as between facts and value,which itself does not hold true in the real world.Moreover,most of the difficulties in social research mentioned in the textbook are not actual difficulties,for as held in the paper,the hardnut of social research lies in breaking through the limitation of intellectual thinking and entering conceptual speculation.Without delving into the"reflection theory",this textbook presupposes the use of linguistic imagery,which has long been criticized by Wittgenstein.As a matter of fact,the method itself is inseparable from the content,and the"method"is not a"tool",but the"soul"concerning the way of heaven.An awareness of this insight will enhance the thoughtfulness of methodological teaching and research.

关 键 词：方法 二分法 反映论 概念思维 

分 类 号：C91-0[经济管理]