0~3岁婴幼儿家长育儿理念与育儿行为的潜在剖面分析  

Latent Profile Analysis of the Potential Parenting Concepts and Behaviors of Parents with Infants and Young Children Aged 0~3 Years

作　　者：张英琴 郑晓宇 ZHANG Yingqin;ZHENG Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]运城幼儿师范高等专科学校早期教育系,运城044000 [2]运城师范高等专科学校教育与心理学系,运城044000

出　　处：《中华家教》2024年第6期85-94,共10页The Family Education Of China

基　　金：山西省教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度课题“家庭教育促进法背景下婴幼儿家长赋权增能路径的研究”(GH-220222)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究通过对631名0~3岁婴幼儿家长进行问卷调查,发现他们普遍面临早期家庭教育的多种挑战。潜在剖面分析发现:家长的育儿理念与行为可以分为低、中、高三个组别,除高分组家庭育儿理念与行为水平整体处于中等偏上以外,中分组和低分组在五个育儿维度上基本都处于低水平或中等水平。其中,低收入、低教育水平及年龄较大的家长在育儿理念与行为上的表现相对较差,特别是低分组的父亲参与育儿的概率较大但水平不高,研究生学历家长的育儿水平有两极分化现象。基于这些特征和问题探析,为家长促进婴幼儿的全面和谐发展提出如下建议:第一,建立三阶段一对一“帮扶制”家庭教育指导服务体系,系统支持家长育儿行为;第二,开展多样化的家庭养育指导服务,满足不同家庭的育儿需求;第三,特别关注并赋能重点家长群体,增强其育儿能力和信心。This study conducted a questionnaire survey among 631 parents of infants and young children aged 0~3 years and found that they generally face various challenges in early family education.Latent profile analysis revealed that parents'parenting concepts and behaviors can be divided into three groups:low,medium,and high.Except for the high group,whose parenting concepts and behaviors are generally above average,the medium and low groups are mostly at low or medium levels across five parenting dimensions.Among them,parents with low income,low education levels,and older age showed relatively poorer performance in parenting concepts and behaviors.Notably,while fathers in the low group had a higher probability of participating in parenting,their level of involvement was not high.Parents with graduate degrees exhibited polarization in parenting levels.Based on these characteristics and issues,the following suggestions are proposed to enhance parents'ability to promote the comprehensive and harmonious development of infants and young children:Firstly,establish a three-stage oneon-one"support system"family education guidance service to systematically support parents'parenting behaviors;Secondly,offer diversified family parenting guidance services to meet the parenting needs of different families;Thirdly,particularly focus on and empower key groups of parents to enhance their parenting abilities and confidence.

关 键 词：0~3 岁婴幼儿家长 育儿理念 育儿行为 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]