俄汉语言文化观念“дух/精神”对比研究  

Comparative Study of Russian and Chinese Linguistic and Cultural Concepts“дух/精神”

作　　者：张凌闻 ZHANG Lingwen(College of Foreign Languages and Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外国语言文学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《海南热带海洋学院学报》2024年第6期103-110,共8页Journal of Hainan Tropical Ocean University

摘　　要：观念是语言文化学研究中的重要研究单位。俄语的“дух”和汉语的“精神”内涵丰富,既具有抽象性,又带有民族特征,是两种语言中极为重要的观念。通过关键词分析和联想实验,可以多角度、全方位地揭示这两个观念的特征,而通过认知阐释则能够深入探讨其背后的文化意义,呈现出俄中两国的精神世界观。研究表明,俄语中的“дух”往往与“主观意志”和“内在力量”相关,体现了俄罗斯民族的抽象思维方式和深厚宗教文化传统;而汉语的“精神”则更多地包含“进取心”和“热情”等积极特质,反映了中国人对“精神”的感性认知和情感关注。Concept is an important research object in linguistic culturology.With abstract semantics and ethnic features,“дух”and“精神”(“spirit”in English)contain a rich connotation and serve as the most significant conceptual word in two languages respectively.By conducting keyword analysis and association test,this study reveals conceptual features of“дух/精神”in a multi⁃angle and comprehensive way.Through cognitive interpretation,it is possible to deeply explore the cultural significance and present the spiritual worldview of Russia and China.The study concludes that Russian people tend to interpret“дух”as“subjective will”and“inner power”,expressing the nation’s abstract thinking mode and deep⁃rooted religious and cultural tradition,while Chinese people may add positive elements like“enterprise”and“enthusiasm”,reflecting their perceptual cognition and emotional concern towards“精神”.

关 键 词：дух 精神 语言文化学 俄汉对比 

分 类 号：H35[语言文字—俄语]