创新何以转向:被低估的环保规制政策  

Shifting the Direction of Innovation:Undervalued Environmental Regulatory Policies

作　　者：赵亿欣 邬曦 陈耿宣[4] Yixin Zhao;Xi Wu;Gengxuan Chen(School of Economics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology;China Resources Group Corporation;Guanghua School of Management,Peking University;Institute of Economics,Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院 [2]华润股份有限公司 [3]北京大学光华管理学院 [4]四川省社会科学院经济研究所

出　　处：《经济管理学刊》2024年第4期183-212,共30页Quarterly Journal of Economics and Management

摘　　要：企业的成长与创新是经济增长的核心部分,现有理论对企业创新的成因和结果进行了详细阐述,却较少讨论企业创新方向的决定机制。创新决策如何产生,创新方向是否会被引导,是非常值得研究的问题。本文探究了环保规制政策如何影响企业技术创新方向,发现中央环保督察政策改变了企业的创新决策。企业总是会对成本和收益的变化情况进行反应,在严格的环保规制政策下,企业重新审视采用不同技术的收益,增加了对清洁型技术的需求,从而达到了促进创新转向的效果。本文为环境监管的好处被低估补充了新的证据,期望为政策制定者提供决策参考。Innovation is a central part of economic growth.Existing theories elaborate on the causes and consequences of firm innovation,but less discuss the determination of the direction of firm innovation.How innovation decisions are made and whether the direction of innovation is steered are questions well worth answering.There is often a lack of incentives in the market for the production of high-cost,low-polluting technologies.Demand for cleaner technologies is always low.This is an important manifestation of market failure.Firms prefer the low-cost but highly polluting production technologies to the costly green production technologies.Relying on market forces alone cannot force enterprises to abandon highly polluting production technologies and switch to cleaner technologies.Strict environmental protection policies will help to reverse this market failure.China has gradually introduced four batches of inspections since July 2016,with each batch lasting one month,which is named Central Environmental Protection Inspectorate(CEPI).The policy not only raises the penalties for polluting behavior of enterprises in the system development,but also realistically supervises enterprise pollution,which effectively reduced pollution.The CEPI will have a twofold impact on enterprises’innovation.One is to increase the relative cost of using polluting technologies for enterprises,forcing them to innovate in a green way.The second is to increase R&D investment in cleaner technologies,crowding out the R&D resources that firms invest in other technologies.This paper explored how the environmental regulation policy affects the direction of firms’technological innovation,and found that the central environmental inspection policy changes firms’innovation decisions.Firms always react to the change of costs and benefits.Under the strict environmental regulation policy,firms re-examined the benefits of adopting different technologies.That increased the demand for cleaner technologies,which spurred the effect of promoting innovation sh

关 键 词：创新方向 环保规制政策 绿色创新 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]