东北地区主要树种未分解凋落叶水源涵养能力与叶性状的耦合关系  

Coupling Relationship Between Water Conservation Capacity and Leaf Traits of Undecomposed Leaf Litter of Major Tree Species in Northeast China

作　　者：施宇 唐慧敏 宋晓倩 金鹭 张衷华[1,2,3,4] 唐中华 Shi Yu;Tang Huimin;Song Xiaoqian;Jin Lu;Zhang Zhonghua;Tang Zhonghua(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学化学化工与资源利用学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]林业生物制剂教育部工程研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [4]黑龙江省林源活性物质生态利用重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2024年第6期46-56,共11页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“东北森林生态功能提升技术研发及示范”(2022YFF1300502);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021C003)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究东北地区11种主要树种未分解凋落叶性状与水源涵养能力之间的耦合关系,剖析其持水及失水过程,为明确该区主要树种水源涵养能力提供理论依据。[方法]以11种东北地区常见树种为研究对象,通过室内浸泡与失水试验测定未分解凋落叶持水和失水特性,再通过游标卡尺,扫描仪、元素分析仪等仪器及Klason法,浓酸水解定糖法测定12种叶物理化学性状,对叶性状与叶水源涵养能力之间的关系进行回归分析。[结果]11种树种未分解凋落叶的最大持水率、有效拦蓄量、失水率和失水速率存在显著差异(p<0.05),最大持水率由大到小依次为辽椴(Tilia mandshurica)、白桦(Betula platyphylla)、紫椴(Tilia amurensis)、兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)、水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)、胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)、蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、加杨(Populus×canadensis)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)、红松(Pinus koraiensis)、红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis),最大持水率与比叶面积呈显著正相关,与叶厚、叶形指数存在显著负相关关系(p<0.05);24h失水率由小到大依次为红皮云杉、白桦、紫椴、辽椴、红松、蒙古栎、水曲柳、加杨、樟子松、落叶松、胡桃楸,失水速率与叶长、比叶面积、粗糙程度呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。[结论]比叶面积是影响未分解凋落叶水源涵养能力的最主要叶性状,其次是叶长、叶厚、叶形指数、粗糙度。辽椴、白桦和紫椴是未分解凋落叶水源涵养能力相对优异的树种。[Objective]The coupling relationship between undecomposed leaf litter traits and water conservation ability of 11 major tree species in Northeast China was explored,and their water retention and water loss processes were analyzed,in order to provide theoretical basis for clarifying the water conservation ability of main tree species in this area.[Methods]A total of 11 common tree species in Northeast China were used as the research object.The water holding and loss characteristics of undecomposed leaves were determined by indoor immersion and water loss experiments,and the physical and chemical properties of 12 kinds of leaves were then determined by vernier calipers,scanners,elemental analyzers,Klason method,and concentrated acid hydrolysis sugar determination method.The relationship between leaf traits and leaf water conservation ability was analyzed using regression analysis.[Results]The maximum water holding capacity,effective retention capacity,water loss ratio,and water loss rate of undecomposed litter of 11 species showed significant differences(p<0.05).The maximum water retention rate in descending order was Tilia mandshurica,Betula platyphylla,Tilia amurensis,Larix gmelinii,Fraxinus mandshurica,Juglans mandshurica,Quercus mongolica,Populus×canadensis,Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Pinus koraiensis,Picea koraiensis,and it was significantly positively correlated with the specific leaf area.In addition,there was a significant negative correlation between leaf thickness and leaf shape index(p<0.05).At 24 h,the water loss rates were(from low to high)Picea koraiensis,B.platyphylla,T.amurensis,T.mandshurica,Pinus koraiensis,Q.mongolica,F.mandshurica,Populus×canadensis,Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,L.gmelinii,and J.mandshurica.The water loss rate was significantly positively correlated with leaf length,specific leaf area,and rough degree(p<0.05).[Conclusion]Specific leaf area was the most important leaf character affecting water conservation ability of undecomposed leaf litter,followed by leaf length,leaf thi

关 键 词：未分解凋落叶 叶性状 持水性 失水性 水源涵养 

分 类 号：S715.7[农业科学—林学] S715.3