社会工作机构介入服务的“趋同”现象研究——基于C市W街道社工站的案例分析  

Study on the“Convergence”Phenomenon of Services Provided by Social Work Agencies Intervening in Social Work Stations:Based on a Case Study of W Street Social Work Station in C City

作　　者：刘杰[1,2] 李泽宇 LIU Jie;LI Zeyu

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学社会学院,武汉430079 [2]湖北省社会发展与社会政策研究中心 [3]北京师范大学社会学院,北京100875

出　　处：《社会工作》2024年第6期132-149,161,162,共20页Journal of Social Work

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“行动者视角下脱贫地区农村产业转型发展与农民主体性建构研究”(项目编号:22BSH035)的阶段性成果;2024年湖北省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地社会治安治理研究中心重点项目“数字赋能重复信访治理研究”(项目编号:2004A001)。

摘　　要：通过不同路径进驻同一地域的社会工作机构却呈现出服务“趋同”现象,既无法灵活回应日趋多样的群众需求,也背离了社工站建设的政策初衷。本文借助以迪马奇奥和鲍威尔为代表的新制度主义学派视角,以C市W街道社工站为案例,运用“逻辑—资源—服务”的实践框架剖析上述现象的产生原因,研究发现,服务“趋同”现象是社会工作行业、项目落地点街道、提供服务的具体机构这三方侧重追求不同合法性的行为逻辑,以及与被逻辑主导的资源分配双重叠加下的最终结果。服务程序上的“趋同”是一种“规范性趋同”,促使其形成的专业符号资源配置是由社会工作行业“技术专业化”让位于“专业本土化”的发展逻辑主导;服务重点上的“趋同”是一种“强制性趋同”,促使其实现的核心资源配置由项目落地点街道“过程专业化”让位于“成果行政化”的治理逻辑支配;服务成果上的“趋同”是一种“模仿性趋同”,其资源配置运作的主要逻辑是组织“服务专业化”让位于“平台专业化”的生存逻辑。In the context of the development of social work stations across various regions with local characteristics,local governments have promoted the transformation and upgrading of these stations from traditional“administrative”to“professional”services by introducing social organizations to better utilize local resources. However,social work agencies operating in the same region often provide the same services through different approaches,leading to an inability to flexibly respond to the increasingly diverse needs of the population. This also deviates from the original intent of the social work station policy.In response to the phenomenon of service convergence in social work within the realm of social governance,previous studies have generally focused on two research perspectives:The first places the issue within the framework of the interaction between the state and society,emphasizing the dualistic tension between the state and society from a state-centered perspective. It attributes the convergence of organizations to the“failure of interaction between the state and society”,thus overlooking the autonomy and selectivity of organizations and individuals involved in governance,as well as the realities of social evolution under state influence. The second perspective begins with the resource environment necessary for the survival of social work organizations. It argues that the government's reliance on social organizations for public services is asymmetrical,with social organizations becoming even more reliant on government resources. This convergence phenomenon is thus considered a result of this resource relationship. While this perspective acknowledges factors beyond power,it fails to analyze the underlying governance logic behind resource allocation.The author believes that researchers should not view the convergence issue solely from the perspective of power or resources. Instead,it should be examined through the overlapping effects of both,while still adhering to state-centrism. The paper adopts a

关 键 词：社会工作 社工站建设 服务趋同 新制度主义 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]