基于自抗扰的PEMFC空气供给系统流量和压力控制  

Air flow and pressure control of PEMFC air supply system based on ADRC

作　　者：焦志筱 姜琦[1] 熊树生[1,2,3] 陈国栋 JIAO Zhixiao;JIANG Qi;XIONG Shusheng;CHEN Guodong

机构地区：[1]浙江大学,浙江杭州310012 [2]龙泉产业创新研究院,浙江丽水323000 [3]浙江大学嘉兴研究院,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《现代机械》2024年第6期5-11,共7页Modern Machinery

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划“新能源汽车”重点专项项目:《耐低温高安全的燃料电池乘用车执行期限》,编号:2022YFB2502403;浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目:《超长航时氢电混合动力无人机》,编号:2023C01239。

摘　　要：聚焦于质子交换膜燃料电池空气供给系统阴极流量和压力难以协调优化联合控制的问题,提出一种将滑模微分观测器和自抗扰控制相结合的控制策略。通过对燃料电池系统机理模型进行合理假设,简化得到一个专注于过氧比和阴极压力控制的四阶非线性状态空间模型。鉴于阴极压力难以直接测量的问题,设计滑模微分观测器实现对阴极压力的精确实时估计。通过MATLAB仿真表明,在动态负载下,由于阴极流量和压力的耦合关系,传统PID控制难以同时实现二者的最优控制。相较之下,提出的自抗扰控制策略展现出更好的过氧比和阴极压力跟踪效果,显著减小了超调量和调节时间。This paper focuses on the challenge that the cathode air flow and pressure of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)air supply system are difficult to coordinate and joint control,and proposes a control strategy that combines the differential sliding mode observer and active disturbance rejection control(ADRC).By making reasonable assumptions about the fuel cell mechanism model,a fourth-order nonlinear state space model focusing on the control of oxygen excess ratio and cathode pressureis obtained.Given the difficulty of directly measuring the cathode pressure,a sliding mode observer is designed to achieve precise real-time estimation.Through MATLAB simulation,it is found that under dynamic load,the coupling relationship between cathode airflow and pressure makes it challenging for traditional PID to simultaneously achieve optimal control of both variables.In comparison,the ADRC strategy proposed in this article demonstrates better tracking effects of the oxygen excess ratio and the cathode pressure,and significantly reduces their overshoot and adjustment time.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 空气供给系统 过氧比 阴极压力 滑模微分观测器 自抗扰 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]