生成语法理论在蒙古语语法研究中的应用  

Application of the Theory of Generative Grammar in Mongolian Grammar Research

作　　者：其格其 曹荣梅 Bai Chigchi;Cao Rong mei(School of Foreign Languages,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot Inner Mongoliao10030,China;Hohhot Vocational College,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古财经大学外国语学院,呼和浩特010030 [2]呼和浩特职业学院,呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学（蒙文版）》2024年第5期46-53,共8页Social Sciences of Inner Mongolia:Mongolian Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“现代蒙古语生成句法研究”(编号:21XYY018)。

摘　　要：生成语法理论旨在阐释人类的语言能力,而不是描述语言能力所引发的语言行为。生成语法理论中,句子的生成基于最基本的句法操作即合并。从词库中选取的词项通过合并构成词组。形成语段的词组通过感知一运动系统和概念一意向系统获得语音形式和逻辑形式,以产生话语。这个过程中则形成个别语言的语法规则,如蒙古语的反身所属规则。在蒙古语中,当内部论元与动词合并后,其与动作主体之间产生反身领属关系。当随后的动作主体与第一个动作主体并不同指时,该论元则无法与随后的动作主体产生反身领属关系。只有当两个动作主体同指时,反身领属关系才会产生。这与句法体在逻辑层面(LF)上是否能够得到适当解读有关。以生成语法理论分析蒙古语反身领属规则,可见蒙古语语法系统是由紧密相连的内部规律所构成的,探究这些规律是蒙古语语法研究的新趋向。Generative grammar is a modern linguistic theory that aims to explain linguistic competence rather than to describe linguistic performance,which is steered by linguistic competence.In Generative Grammar,sentences are constructed by means of Merge,which is known as the most basic syntactic operation.Merge combines lexical items selected from the lexicon to form phrases.Phrases that are phases are processed by the sensory-motor system and conceptual-intentional system to obtain phonological and logical forms,thus creating utterances.Grammar rules in individual languages such as the reflexive-possessive rule in Mongolian then come out of this whole process.In Mongolian,when an internal argument merges with the verb,a reflexive-possessive relationship is established between it and the actor of the verb.If the actor of the verb to merge subsequently is not coreferential with the actor of the first verb,no reflexivepossessive relationship is established between that argument and the second actor.Only when there is co-referentiality,a reflexive-possessive relationship is possible.This has to do with whether a given syntactic object can be properly interpreted at LF.Analyzing the reflexive-possessive rule in Mongolian using the theory of generative grammar allows us to say that the Mongolian grammar system is composed of closely connected individual laws and exploring those laws should be a new_trend in Mongolian grammar research.

关 键 词：生成语法 蒙古语语法 句子的形成 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]