自然垄断产业分享定价研究进展  

Research Progress on Sharing Pricing in the Natural Monopoly Industries

作　　者：谢里[1,2] 孔淳 XIE Li;KONG Chun(Hunan University,Changsha,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,410079 [2]湖南大学“碳达峰、碳中和”研究中心,410079

出　　处：《经济学动态》2024年第11期145-160,共16页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJA790068);湖南省自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(2023JJ10018)。

摘　　要：在自然垄断产业中,瓶颈设施是连接产业链上下游的载体,在位企业需向新进入企业和消费者分享瓶颈设施的使用权,使其参与市场竞争或获取最终产品,新进入企业和消费者则需向在位企业支付分享价格。合理的分享定价有助于促进市场竞争,优化资源配置和提高市场效率。本文依据分享定价目标,从分享定价的意义和内涵出发,梳理了拉姆齐定价、有效成分定价、平均成本定价及增量成本定价等分享定价策略,并阐述了分享定价管制与放松管制之间的争论缘由,以及成本、价格差额和价格上限等分享定价管制策略,进而从市场竞争、瓶颈设施投资、普遍服务和最终产品定价等方面阐述了分享定价产生的效应。最后,结合该领域的已有研究成果与必要现实需求,展望了未来可深入探索研究的方向。In the natural monopoly industries,the incumbent enterprises with bottleneck facilities should share the use rights of the bottleneck facilities with the competing enterprises and consumers,so that they can participate in the market competition or obtain final products,and the competing enterprises and consumers need to pay the sharing price to the incumbent enterprises.Reasonable sharing pricing can promote market competition,optimize resource allocation,and improve market efficiency.Based on the connotation of sharing pricing,this paper reviews the classic cutting-edge literature from three aspects:sharing pricing strategy,sharing pricing regulation,and sharing pricing effects,and looks forward to the directions that can be further explored in the future.To begin with,this paper unifies and defines the connotation of sharing pricing by sorting out the commonalities of open sharing of bottleneck facilities in different types of natural monopoly industries.Sharing pricing exists in the process of natural monopoly industries providing bottleneck facility sharing services to competitors and consumers.Bottleneck facilities are essential intermediate inputs owned by the incumbent enterprises for competitors to enter the market and for consumers to obtain the final products,which are irreplaceable in the short term and are not limited to physical network infrastructure.Natural monopoly industries that provide sharing services refer to those that have four characteristics:bottleneck facilities with capacity constraints,sharing objects with heterogeneous bottleneck facility usage rates,sharing services with low marginal costs,and sharing service markets that can be competitive.Competitors or consumers can obtain the right to use bottleneck facilities by paying the sharing price to incumbent enterprises,thereby participating in market competition or consuming final products.From the perspective of the sharing pricing goal,this paper continues the four main lines of Ramsey pricing,efficient component pricing rule,average

关 键 词：分享定价 自然垄断 瓶颈设施 价格管制 市场竞争 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]