数字金融发展与企业技能劳动力结构优化  

Development of Digital Finance and Optimization of Skilled Labor Structure

作　　者：胡玥 张涵萌 Hu Yue;Zhang Hanmeng(School of Finance,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China;School of Finance,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学金融学院,江苏南京211815 [2]上海财经大学金融学院,上海200433

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2024年第11期20-35,共16页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(18AZD012)。

摘　　要：本文使用我国2011—2020年沪深两市A股非金融类上市公司数据,探讨数字金融发展对企业技能劳动力结构的影响作用。研究发现,数字金融发展能够显著优化企业技能劳动力结构,表现为技术员工占比增加,该效应在高成长性企业、高附加值行业和市场化程度更弱的地区较为突出。机制检验显示,数字金融发展在有效缓解企业融资约束后,既能够增加企业对高技能劳动力的雇佣需求,又可以为其优化员工激励体系提供资金空间,进而推动企业人力资本升级。进一步研究显示,数字金融发展在显著提升企业劳动生产效率的同时改善了企业整体运营状况。本文研究不仅有力支持以“增强金融服务实体经济能力”为导向的新时代金融供给侧改革所进行的积极探索,而且对企业技能劳动力结构和数字金融的相关文献进行有益的拓展。This paper uses data from non-financial listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Ashare markets from 2011 to 2020 in China to explore the impact of digital finance development on the skilled labor structure of enterprises.The findings suggest that the development of digital finance can significantly optimize the skilled labor structure of enterprises,which is manifested by the increase of the proportion of skilled employees,and this effect is more prominent in high-growth enterprises,highvalue-added industries,and regions with a lower degree of marketization.Mechanism testing shows that after effectively alleviating corporate financing constraints,the development of digital finance can not only encourage enterprises to increase the employment demand of highly-skilled labor,but also provide financial space for optimizing the employee incentive system,thereby promoting the upgrading of human capital in enterprises.Further research shows that the development of digital finance significantly improves the labor production efficiency of enterprises while improving their overall operating conditions.This paper not only strongly supports the active exploration of the financial supply-side reform in the new era oriented by“enhancing the capability of financial sectors to serve the real economy”,but also makes a useful expansion of the relevant literature on skilled labor structure and digital finance.

关 键 词：数字金融 技能劳动力 融资约束 人力资本 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]