祁连山地区生态质量时空变化及驱动力  

Spatio-temporal evolution and driving forces of ecological quality in Qilian Mountains

作　　者：陈兵兵 盖迎春 宋忠航 吴向楠 艾宇 杨映 王生棠 刘宇烁 Bingbing Chen;Yingchun Ge;Zhonghang Song;Xiangnan Wu;Yu Ai;Ying Yang;Shengtang Wang;Yushuo Liu(Space Star Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100086,China;Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station/Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Xi'an Aerospace Remote Sensing Data Technoloy Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710100,China;Taohe National Nature Reserve Management Center,Jone 747600,Gansu,China;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]航天恒星科技有限公司,北京100086 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院黑河遥感试验研究站/甘肃省遥感重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]西安航天天绘数据技术有限公司,陕西西安710100 [4]甘肃洮河国家级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃卓尼747600 [5]华南农业大学,广东广州510640

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第6期258-267,共10页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家民用航天技术预先研究项目(D040405);甘肃省科技计划项目(23ZNKA0004);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20100104)。

摘　　要：基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)分析了祁连山地区2000—2020年生态质量时空变化特征,并利用地理探测器分析了各驱动因子对流域生态质量变化的影响。结果表明:(1)研究期内祁连山地区生态质量保持不变、退化和改善的比重分别约为78.19%、4.25%和17.55%,各子流域生态等级在空间上总体呈现由上游至中下游地区逐级递减的分布特征。(2)石羊河、黑河、疏勒河流域和柴达木盆地4个区域生态质量变化有“极化”趋势,即各流域下游、柴达木盆地核心区等生态质量较差的区域有退化风险,流域中上游及柴达木盆地边缘山地等生态质量中等和良好的区域则持续改善。(3)总体上祁连山各地区自然-人文因子交互对生态质量变化的解释力高于自然-自然、人文-人文因子交互,气候和高程对各地区生态质量变化起核心作用,人文因子的影响则差异明显,石羊河和黑河流域、柴达木盆地、青海湖和大通河-湟水流域分别主要受到第一、二、三产业比重的影响,疏勒河流域受人文因子影响较小。Based on remote sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),the spatial and temporal changes of ecological quality in 6 Basins in Qilian Mountains from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed,and the effects of driving factors on ecological quality were analyzed by using geographic detectors.The results showed that:(1)RSEI was not significantly increased in Qilian Mountains in 21 a.The proportion of ecological quality remained unchanged,degraded and improved was 78.19%,4.25%and 17.55%,respectively.The ecological levels of each tributary basin generally exhibit a spatial distribution characterized by a gradual decrease from the upper reaches to the middle and lower reaches.(2)The change of ecological quality in Heihe River Basin,Shule River Basin and Qaidam Basin has a trend of"polarization",that is,the lower reaches of the basin,the core area of Qaidam basin and other areas with poor ecological quality have degradation risks,while the middle and upper reaches of the basin and the mountainous areas with medium and good ecological quality continue to improve.(3)The results of the geographic detector show that,in general,the explanatory power of natural-human interaction on ecological quality in each basin is better than that of nature-nature and humanity-human interaction.Climate and elevation play a core role in the change of ecological quality in each basin,while the influence of human factors is significantly different.Shiyang River and Heihe River basins,Qaidam Basin,Qinghai Lake and Huangshui River basins are mainly affected by the proportion of primary,secondary and tertiary production respectively,while Shule River Basin is less affected by human factors.The results of this study can provide the decision basis for the sustainable development of Qilian Mountains.

关 键 词：遥感生态指数 生态质量 地理探测器 驱动力 祁连山地区 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]