“礼”与“法”:中国与西方两种政治世界观的差异与汇通  

"Rites"and"Law":The Difference and Convergence on the Two Political Worldviews between Ancient China and Western World

作　　者：陈祥勤[1,2] CHEN Xiangqin

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院马克思主义学院,上海200020 [2]中国马克思主义研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《孔子研究》2024年第6期50-63,158,共15页Confucius Studies

摘　　要：中国孕育了以“礼”或“礼制”为基本标志的政治文明,西方则形成了以“法”或“法制”为基本特征的政治传统。中国之“礼”与西方之“法”之间的差异是两种不同类型的政治世界观——“礼学世界观”和“法学世界观”的差异,每一种世界观各自蕴含着对政治或制度的历史起源、辩护基础和文明形态的独特认知。从历史与逻辑统一的视角来看,这两种政治世界观各自所依据的“礼”和“法”或“礼制”和“法制”不仅呈现形态上的差异,还呈现历史性的关联,即中国之“礼”可以被视为西方之“法”在它的史前阶段所采取的原初或东方形式,西方之“法”则可以被中国之“礼”在现代西方世界的表现或历史延伸。China has originated the political civilization with the fundamental significance of"Rites system",the West has originated the political tradition with the basic characteristics of"Legal system".The deference between Chinese"Rites system"and the Western"Legal system"is rather the diversities between two political world views such as"Legal World of View"and"Rites World of View".Each of them has its'own cognition on the issues of historical origination,moral justification and civilizational typology of political affairs.From the view on unification of historic-logic analysis,there are morphological differences but also historical connections between Chinese"Rites system"and the Western"Legal system",that is,Chinese"Rites system"could be regarded as the oriental,original or ancient form of Western"legal system",and Western"legal system"as the occidental,rational or modern form of Chinese"Rites system"tradition.In brief,"Rites system"is the prehistoric form of "legal system",and"legal system"is the rationalistic form of"Rites system".

关 键 词：“礼学世界观” “法学世界观” 礼法 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]