千米跨度高铁桥梁的轨道不平顺时频特征分析  

Time-Frequency Characteristics Analysis of Track Irregularities on Kilometer-Span High-speed Railway Bridges

作　　者：程飞 段金超 何越磊[2] 刘彦林 CHENG Fei;DUAN Jinchao;HE Yuelei;LIU Yanlin(Jiangsu Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210049,China;School of Urban Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省铁路集团有限公司,南京210049 [2]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第12期21-30,共10页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52178430)。

摘　　要：由于温度荷载等因素的影响,大跨度高铁桥梁的复杂变形使得桥上轨道不平顺验收成为难题。为尽快形成千米跨度高铁桥梁的针对性养护维修标准,以我国现有的千米跨度高铁桥梁的轨道不平顺动静态检测数据作为样本函数,进行轨道不平顺的时频域分布特征分析,分别采用中点弦测法、矢距差法以及轨道不平顺功率谱法对累计1年的检测数据进行讨论。结果表明,在时域上,悬索桥与斜拉桥动、静态轨道不平顺超限点基本位于桥墩与跨中处,悬索桥两端桥头设置钢轨伸缩调节器处轨道不平顺幅值均有升高,需要及时控制桥梁关键位置处轨道不平顺幅值;在频域特征上,千米跨度高铁桥梁线路轨道谱与我国高速铁路有砟轨道谱变化规律大致相同,综合动静态功率谱可知,千米跨度高铁桥梁线路轨道谱在高低不平顺中、长波频段主要介于我国有砟谱与德国低干扰谱之间,其中千米跨度悬索桥线路整体性能相比千米跨度斜拉桥线路而言,在100 m左右的长波频段与10 m以下的中短波频段表现明显较差。2条线路普遍存在1~3 m及8~12 m的周期性波长成分,在铁路日常运维中仍需要关注包括新轨轨身不平顺、焊接接头不平顺等原因造成的钢轨平顺性问题。The complex deformation of large-span high-speed railway bridges,influenced by factors such as thermal load,poses a challenge in the acceptance inspection of track irregularity quality on the bridges.To quickly establish targeted maintenance and repair standards for kilometer-span high-speed railway bridges,time-frequency distribution characteristics of track irregularities were analyzed using dynamic and static track irregularity detection data from existing kilometer-span high-speed railway bridges in China as samples.The accumulated data over the course of a year was examined using the mid-chord method,vector distance difference method,and track irregularity power spectral method.The results showed that,in the time domain,the dynamic and static track irregularity over-limit points on suspension and cable-stayed bridges were mainly located at the bridge piers and mid-spans.The amplitudes of track irregularities were elevated at the rail expansion joints installed at the ends of the suspension bridges,requiring timely control of the irregularity amplitude at critical positions on the bridges.In terms of frequency-domain characteristics,the track spectra of kilometer-span high-speed railway bridges exhibited a change pattern roughly similar to the ballasted track irregularities on highspeed railways in China.A combined analysis of dynamic and static power spectra revealed that the track spectrum of kilometer-span high-speed railway bridges,in the medium-and longwavelength frequency bands for high and low irregularities,was mainly located between the ballast spectrum of China and the low-interference spectrum of Germany.Among them,the overall performance of the kilometer-span suspension bridges was significantly inferior to that of the kilometer-span cable-stayed bridges in the long-wavelength band around 100 m and in the medium-and short-wavelength band below 10 m.Both bridge types commonly showed periodic wavelength components of 1~3 m and 8~12 m.Daily railway maintenance operations should continue to address ra

关 键 词：铁路桥 大跨度桥 轨道不平顺 中点弦测法 矢距差法 轨道谱 时频特征 

分 类 号：U216.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U238