一种装载机工作装置部件圆搭自动焊接工艺的应用研究  

Research on Application of an Automatic Circumferential Lap Welding Process for Loader Equipment Components

作　　者：朱栋炎 赵小康 廖国锋 Zhu Dongyan;Zhao Xiaokang;Liao Guofeng

机构地区：[1]广西柳工机械股份有限公司,广西柳州545006

出　　处：《工程机械》2024年第12期143-148,I0024,共7页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：装载机工作装置中动臂、动臂横梁等部件,普遍会使用到圆搭焊接结构,在当前工程机械制造行业中,对于这类焊接结构,目前行业内采用传统手工焊接的方式仍然占有较大的比重。由于手工焊接稳定性较差,容易出现偏焊、焊缝根部未熔透、咬边、焊缝有效厚度/宽度不足等缺陷,这几类缺陷会直接影响到焊缝的强度,加之工程机械常在重载工况下作业,故焊缝的强度对工作装置来说至关重要,因手工焊接不稳定造成的缺陷会导致圆搭焊缝在机械设备工作过程中开裂,最终可能会导致机械设备功能失效。为了解决装载机工作装置上的圆搭焊缝开裂问题,柳工装载机工艺所利用数控旋转装夹工装、计时器、焊接摆动器等设备,通过调整摆幅、摆速、焊接电流、焊枪行走角度等参数得出一种较优的焊接工艺方法。经过多次测试与验证,结果表明,该针对装载机工作装置部件圆搭半自动焊接的理论与实践方法,适用于实际制造过程。Circumferential lap welding structures are commonly used for components such as boom and boom beam in loader equipment.In the current construction machinery manufacturing industry,for this type of welding structure,traditional manual welding method still accounts for a large proportion.Due to the poor stability of manual welding,defects such as weld misalignment,incomplete fusion at the weld root,undercut or insufficient effective weld thickness/width are easy to occur,and these types of defects will directly affect the strength of the weld.In addition,construction machinery often works under heavy-duty working conditions,so the strength of welds is critical to the equipment.The defects caused by the instability of manual welding will lead to cracking of circumferential lap welds during the operation of the mechanical equipment,which will ultimately result in failure of the mechanical equipment functions.To solve the cracking problem of circumferential lap welds on loader equipment,LiuGong Loader Technology Department uses equipment such as CNC rotary clamping fixtures,timers and welding oscillators and adjusts parameters such as oscillation amplitude,oscillation speed,welding current and welding torch travelling angle to come up with an optimal welding process method.After several tests and verifications,the results show that the theoretical and practical method for semi-automatic circumferential lap welding of loader equipment components is applicable to the actual manufacturing process.

关 键 词：装载机 结构件 焊接 半自动 工艺参数 环形焊缝 

分 类 号：TU623.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]