学龄前儿童牙齿龋坏对口腔健康相关生活质量的影响  

The impact of dental caries on oral health-related quality of life in preschool children

作　　者：王宇 刘芬 司红羚[1] 王雅洁 侯庆荣 靳荣昭 WANG Yu;LIU Fen;SI Hongling;WANG Yajie;HOU Qingrong;JIN Rongzhao(Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research,College of Stomatology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Laboratory Center of Stomatology,College of Stomatology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,The First Clinic of College of Stomatology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710000)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学口腔医院陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室,陕西省牙颌疾病临床研究中心,西安交通大学口腔医院第一(兴庆)门诊部,710000 [2]西安交通大学口腔医院陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室,陕西省牙颌疾病临床研究中心,西安交通大学口腔医院儿童口腔科

出　　处：《现代口腔医学杂志》2024年第6期432-437,共6页Journal of Modern Stomatology

摘　　要：目的儿童牙齿龋坏能够影响其及家长的口腔健康相关生活质量(OHRQoL)。本研究旨在评估乳牙龋坏对学龄前儿童及其家长OHRQoL的影响。方法本横断面研究按照随机抽样的原则在西安市抽取5所幼儿园3~6岁的学龄前儿童。在教室内对儿童进行口腔检查,采集登记乳牙龋失补牙数(dmft)情况以评估牙齿龋坏状况。其监护人完成填写学龄前儿童口腔健康影响程度量表(ECOHIS)。同时,收集儿童及家长的社会人口学信息。Student′s t检验,单因素方差分析及多元逻辑回归分析用于评估OHRQoL的高危影响因素。结果本研究共纳入360名3~6岁的学龄前儿童,平均年龄4.7岁。平均dmft为3.8±3.7。共有253名家长(70.3%)反映口腔问题对OHRQoL有影响(ECOHIS>0)。OHRQoL的平均得分为5.5±3.1。其中,儿童平均得分为6.6±4.7;家长平均得分为4.3±2.9。逻辑回归分析结果提示dmft越大,儿童OHRQoL越差(OR=1.21,95%CI=1.14~1.49)。儿童年龄及家长受教育程度同OHRQoL间不存在统计学相关(P>0.05)。结论乳牙dmft同ECOHIS评分间存在统计学相关。龋坏情况越严重,OHRQoL越低。本研究结果有望为制定针对学龄前儿童的口腔健康预防促进措施提供了理论依据。Objective Dental caries in children can affect oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL)of them and their parents.The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of caries in primary teeth on OHRQoL in preschool children and their parents.Methods This cross-sectional study randomly selected preschool children aged 3~6 years old from 5 kindergartens in Xi′an city.Oral health examinations were conducted in the classrooms.The numbers of decayed,missing and filled primary teeth(dmft)were collected to evaluate the condition of dental caries.Parents were asked to complete the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scales(ECOHIS).In the meantime,sociodemographic information of children and parents was also collected.Student′s t-test,one-way analysis of variance,and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the influencing factors of OHRQoL.Results This study included 360 preschool children aged 3~6 years old,with an average age of 4.7 years.The average dmft was 3.8±3.7.A total of 253 parents(70.3%)reported that oral health problems had an impact on OHRQoL(ECOHIS>0).The average score of OHRQoL was 5.5±3.1.Among them,the average score for children was 6.6±4.7;while the average score for parents was 4.3±2.9.The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that with the increasing of dmft,children had worse OHRQoL(OR=1.21,95%CI=1.14-1.49).There is no statistical correlation between the age of children or the educational attainment of parents and OHRQoL(P>0.05).Conclusion There is a statistical correlation between dmft of primaty teeth and ECOHIS scores.The more severe the dental caries,the lower the OHRQoL.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the development of oral health prevention and promotion measures for preschool children.

关 键 词：生活质量 口腔健康 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]