第三人撤销之诉的反思与修正  

Rethinking and Amending Third-Party Revocation Action

作　　者：李东洋 LI Dong-yang(Law school,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期117-124,共8页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：既有的第三人撤销之诉制度在立法和司法实践中都面临着严重的问题,第三人类型化的桎梏和事前程序保障的缺位是导致这些问题的深层原因。要解决这些问题,必须从更加宏观的角度加以分析,对第三人的类型重新进行分类和调整、对第三人参诉制度加以完善、对既判力制度及其相对性原则加以确定;并在此基础上,明确第三人撤销之诉的本质属性:程序意义上的形成之诉;适当限缩其制度功能:为遗漏了事前程序保障的第三人提供补充性的救济途径;最后对该制度的适用条件和范围加以适当限缩,以便更好地保障第三人的合法权益。Serious issues exist in the established system of third-party revocation action in both legislation and judicial practice,which are caused by the shackles of third-party typology and the lack of prior procedural safeguards.To address those issues,analysis at a more macro level are required.This involves re-categorizing and adjusting the types of the third party,improving the system of third-party participation in litigation,and determining the res judicata system along with its principle of relativity.On this basis,it is necessary to clarify the essential nature of the third-party revocation action and the formation of the claim in the procedural sense,to appropriately limit the function of the system,and to provide a complementary means of relief for the third party who missed out on prior procedural guarantee.Finally,the conditions and scope of application of the system should be appropriately restricted in order to better safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the third party.

关 键 词：第三人 第三人撤销之诉 诉讼告知 既判力 独立请求权 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]