双黄连药渣对花生白绢病菌的拮抗作用及其发酵菌株的筛选和发酵条件优化  

Antagonistic Effect of Shuanghuanglian Residue on Sclerotium rolfsii and Screening of Fermentation Strains and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions

作　　者：李亮亮 李磊 赵俊坤 王雄雅 慕琦[1] 甄静[1] 雷高 王继雯[1] LI Liang-liang;LI Lei;ZHAO Jun-kun;WANG Xiong-ya;MU Qi;ZHEN Jing;LEI Gao;WANG Ji-wen(Institute of Biology Co.,Ltd.,Henan Academy of Sciences,Zhengzhou 450008,China;A grotechnology Extension Station of Xinxiang County,Xinxiang 453700,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司,河南郑州450008 [2]新乡县农业技术推广站,河南新乡453700

出　　处：《花生学报》2024年第4期100-109,共10页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目(225200810095);河南省科学院重大科研聚焦项目(210105002);河南省科学院高水平成果奖励与培育项目(242205030)。

摘　　要：花生白绢病是由齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)引起的一种花生茎基部真菌病害,严重制约花生的品质与产量。本研究利用实验室前期筛选到的对白绢病菌具有拮抗作用的生防芽孢杆菌对双黄连药渣进行固体发酵,研究生防芽孢杆菌和双黄连药渣对花生白绢病的联合防效。通过单菌株固体发酵试验从生防芽孢杆菌中筛选出2株对双黄连药渣具有较好发酵效果的菌株枯草芽孢杆菌F-1和贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HT-9。通过单因素和响应面试验确定双黄连药渣固体发酵的最佳条件为组合菌比例1:1,发酵时间10 d,发酵温度35℃,最佳接种量10%,药渣含水量62%。此条件下,测得发酵双黄连药渣对白绢病菌的抑菌率为79.83%。以上结果为双黄连药渣在花生白绢病的生防应用上奠定了基础。Peanut southern blight is a fungal disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.,which severely restricts the quality and yield of peanut.Biocontrol Bacillus strains that have antagonistic effects against Sclerotium rolfsii were used in this study to conduct solid-state fermentation on Shuanghuanglian residue,and the combined control effect of Bacillus strains and Shuanghuanglian residue on peanut southern blight was studied.Two strains of Bacillus subtilis F-1 and Bacillus velezensis HT-9,which have good fermentation effects on Shuanghuanglian residue were screened in this study.The optimal conditions for solid-state fermentation of Shuanghuanglian residue were determined through single factor and response surface methods as follows:the ratio of 1:1 combined bacteria,the fermentation time of 10 days,the fermentation temperature of 35℃,the optimal inoculation amount of 10%,and the water content of 62%in the residue.Under these conditions,the antifungal rate of fermented Shuanghuanglian residue against Sclerotium rolfsii was 79.83%.The above results laid the foundation for the biocontrol application of Shuanghuanglian residue against peanut southern blight.

关 键 词：花生白绢病菌 双黄连药渣 发酵 芽孢杆菌 拮抗 

分 类 号：S435.652[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S432.44[农业科学—植物保护]