基于微波扫描的便携式脑卒中检测仪的研制  

Development of a portable stroke detector based on microwave tomography

作　　者：张泽堃 李凡[2] 刘珩[1] 宗睿[3] 秦至臻 Zhang Zekun;Li Fan;Liu Heng;Zong Rui;Qin Zhizhen(School of Information and Electronics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;School of Cyberspace Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Neurosurgery,The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学信息与电子学院,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学网络空间安全学院,北京100081 [3]解放军总医院第一医学中心神经外科医学部,北京100853

出　　处：《现代仪器与医疗》2024年第6期51-56,共6页Modern Instruments & Medical Treatment

基　　金：2024年嘉兴市重点研发计划项目(2024BZ20001)。

摘　　要：脑卒中是我国居民生命健康的首要威胁之一,现有的检测手段如CT和MRI等存在检测中无法移动患者、设备体积庞大、检测时间长等问题,常常导致患者在关键的“黄金三小时”内无法得到及时救治。针对这一问题,本研究利用微波成像技术开发了一款便携式脑卒中检测仪,硬件部分包括用于采集患者头部电磁信号的前端头围天线阵列,以及包含控制模块、信道切换模块和数据采集模块的后端设备。为了提升可用性,本项目开发了相应的控制程序以及功能全面的用户交互界面,结合收发电磁信号的采集利用逆散射成像算法实现脑部成像。在实验验证部分,本研究分别就仪器本身的稳定性以及成像能力进行了测试,对颅脑填充模型和人体标本进行了成像。结果表明该检测仪在检测效率、系统稳定性、成像速度以及精确度等方面性能良好,具有无电离辐射、便携性强、检测速度快和成本较低等优点,可准确快速识别脑内出血等异常区域,实现即时即地的脑卒中成像检测。Stroke is one of the major threats to life and health of Chinese residents.Existing detection methods such as CT and MRI suffer from problems such as inability to move the patient during the detection process,large size of the equipment,and long detection time,which often result in patients not being able to receive timely treatment in the critical“golden three hours”.To address this problem,this research developed a portable stroke detector using microwave imaging technology.The hardware part includes a front-end head-envelope antenna array for acquiring electromagnetic signals from the patient's brain,and a back-end device contains a control module,a channel switching module,and a data acquisition module.A corresponding control program and a full-featured graphical user interface were also developed to enhance the usability.The main function of this stroke detector is to collect electromagnetic signals and image the stroke region based on the inverse scattering imaging algorithm.In the experimental verification part,this study tested the stability and imaging capabilities of the instrument itself,and imaged the cranial brain filling model and human specimens.The test results show that the detector has good performance in terms of detection efficiency,system stability,imaging speed and accuracy,and has the advantages of no ionizing radiation,strong portability,fast detection speed and low cost.It can accurately and quickly identify abnormal areas in the brain and realize real-time and on-site stroke imaging detection.

关 键 词：微波成像 脑卒中 医学检测 电磁逆散射 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] TH77[医药卫生—临床医学]