宋代古器物诗的艺术新质与情感取向  

The Artistic New Quality and Emotional Orientation of Song Dynasty Ancient Artifacts Poetry

作　　者：朱新亮 ZHU Xin-liang(College of Literature,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei,071000)

机构地区：[1]河北大学文学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第6期134-142,共9页Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“唐宋诗歌嬗变视角下的梅尧臣诗歌研究”(23FZWB025)。

摘　　要：古器物诗是以兼具历史年代感和实用价值的诸种用具为书写对象的诗歌类型。这种富于知识趣味的诗歌体类在唐宋时期日渐兴盛。在内容上,唐代古器物诗集中于“古刀剑”“古镜”两类主题,宋代古器物诗在接续原有主题情况下,呈现古器物书写题材扩大化、古器物分类精细化、古器物出土标记化、古器图题咏出现等文学现象。在体裁上,歌行体是唐代古器物诗的普遍体裁。倚仗最具表现力、最具抒情功能的七言歌行,唐代古器物诗充盈着浪漫恣肆、瑰奇恢弘的艺术色彩。宋代古器物诗选用歌行体比例下降,五古、七古、近体比例大幅上升,诗歌风格更为质实、典重、平淡。这主要缘于歌行体传奇志异、抒情色彩强烈而宋人见识古器颇多以致情绪平缓,歌词性标题对传情达意的困限也不利宋代诗人以诗为媒参与人际交往。唐代古器物诗并未承载太多私人情感,这种写作倾向在北宋中期刘敞、梅尧臣等士人群体那里被打破。后者以赏古、玩古为聚集机缘,创作了众多记录群体集会鉴赏古器的诗歌,于古器物诗寄寓独有的深厚情感,展现沉酣古器、回望历史的欣赏趣味与情感取向。Ancient artifact poetry refers to a type of poetry that is written on various tools that combine historical significance and practical value.This type of poetry,rich in knowledge and interest,gradually flourished during the Tang and Song dynasties.The themes of ancient artifact poetry in the Tang Dynasty focus on two types of artifacts:“Ancient Swords” and “Ancient Mirrors”.The poetry of ancient artifacts in the Song Dynasty underwent several changes in writing content compared to the Tang Dynasty,while continuing the original themes in the Tang Dynasty,which is manifested in the enlargement of ancient artifact writing subject matter,the refinement of ancient artifact classification,the tokenization of ancient artifact unearthed,and the appearance of ancient artifact inscriptions and inscriptions.Gexing style is a common genre of ancient utensil poetry in the Tang Dynasty.Relying on the most expressive and lyrical seven-character songs,Tang Dynasty ancient utensil poetry is full of romantic,unrestrained and magnificent artistic color.The proportion of the Song Dynasty ancient utensils poems who choose the song style has decreased,and the probability of choosing the Wugu and recent poems has increased significantly,which makes the Song Dynasty ancient utensils poems heavier and bland than the Tang Dynasty poems.This is mainly due to the legendary and lyrical style of the song,as well as the strong emotional tone.Song people had a lot of exposure to ancient artifacts,which led to a calm mood.The restrictive nature of lyric titles in conveying emotions and meanings was also not conducive to Song poets using poetry as a medium to participate in interpersonal communication.The ancient artifact poems of the Tang Dynasty did not convey too much personal emotion,This writing tendency was broken in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty by scholar groups such as Liu Chang and Mei Yaochen,who gathered to appreciate and play with the ancients,created numerous poems documenting group gatherings and antique appreciat

关 键 词：宋代诗歌 古器物诗 内容新变 体裁选择 艺术新质 情感取向 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]