数据中心服务器浸没式液冷技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Immersion Liquid Cooling Technology for Data Center Servers

作　　者：潘永莉 王会娟[1,2] 宗皓男 王鹏 陈华[1,2] 于会民[1,2] PAN Yong-li;WANG Hui-juan;ZONG Hao-nan;WANG Peng;CHEN Hua;YU Hui-min(PetroChina Lanzhou Lubricating Oil R&D Center,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Lubricating Oil Key Laboratory of PetroChina,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;PetroChina Lubricant Company,Beijing 100061)

机构地区：[1]中国石油兰州润滑油研究开发中心,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国石油润滑油重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国石油润滑油公司,北京100061

出　　处：《润滑油》2024年第6期7-13,共7页Lubricating Oil

基　　金：中国石油项目“重大专项‘高端润滑材料设计合成应用基础研究’课题三专题一‘高温稳定型多元醇酯基础油分子设计、性能调控及关键产品开发’”(2023ZZ34)。

摘　　要：随着数据量的爆发式增长,服务器单机柜功率密度的提高成为调和算力需求和数据中心承载能力的关键解决方案。传统风冷技术由于换热系数低、散热能力不足,已无法满足高密度数据中心的散热需求,使用液冷技术逐渐成为全球数据中心发展的重要趋势。将服务器和信息技术(IT)相关设备浸入冷却液中进行冷却,可明显降低能耗,适应未来基础设施负载密度不断增长的需求,满足国家对于电源利用效率(PUE)的强制性要求。文章对服务器浸没式冷却液分类、关键性能、典型产品等进行了系统阐述,同时对液冷的未来发展进行了展望,可为建设绿色高效的数据中心提供参考。With the explosive growth of data volumes,increasing the power density of individual server racks has become a key solution to balance computing power demands and the capacity of data centers.Traditional air cooling technology has proven inadequate due to its low heat transfer coefficient and insufficient cooling capacity for high-density data centers.Consequently,the use of liquid cooling technology has gradually emerged as an important trend in the development of data centers worldwide.Immersing servers and information technology(IT)related equipments in cooling fluids can significantly reduce energy consumption,accommodate the increasing load density of future infrastructures,and meet national mandatory requirements for power utilization efficiency.This paper systematically discusses the classification of immersion cooling fluids for servers,key performance metrics,and typical products,while also providing insights into the future development of liquid cooling,offering references for constructing green and efficient data centers.

关 键 词：矿物油 氟化液 服务器 浸没式液冷 材料兼容性 

分 类 号：TE626.39[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TS05[轻工技术与工程]