新疆石河子地区学龄儿童近视增长与体格发育参数的相关性研究  

Correlation analysis between myopia growth and physical development parameters of school-age children in Shihezi area,Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region

作　　者：白雪晴[1,2] 张诚玥[1] 杜然 任媛媛 李兆生 晏红改 王争 张小涵 全晓杰[1] 李嘉 韩伶伶 续旭 周杨 刘明宾 张红妍 李莉[1] Bai Xueqing;Zhang Chengyue;Du Ran;Ren Yuanyuan;Li Zhaosheng;Yan Honggai;Wang Zheng;Zhang Xiaohan;Quan Xiaojie;Li Jia;Han Lingling;Xu Xu;Zhou Yang;Liu Mingbin;Zhang Hongyan;Li Li(Department of Ophthalmology,Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Center for Children′s Health,Beijing100045,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children′s Hospital,Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Children′s Hospital,Urumqi831399,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children′s Hospital,Baoding Children′s Hospital,Baoding071000,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Shunyi Hospital of Beijing Children′s Hospital,Shunyi Maternal and Child Hospital,,Beijing101300,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院眼科,国家儿童医学中心,北京100045 [2]北京儿童医院新疆医院,新疆维吾尔自治区儿童医院眼科,乌鲁木齐831399 [3]北京儿童医院保定医院,保定市儿童医院眼科,保定071000 [4]北京儿童医院顺义妇儿医院,北京市顺义区妇幼保健院眼科,北京101300

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2024年第12期1961-1966,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(8197030562)。

摘　　要：目的通过测量眼球生物学和体格相关参数,探讨新疆石河子地区学龄期儿童近视增长与体格发育的相关性,为近视预防与控制工作的开展提供客观依据。方法采用横断面研究设计。首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院眼科于2023年10月在新疆石河子地区用直接抽选法随机抽样选取了33所学校的一至六年级学生。根据年龄分为低年龄组(6~9岁)和高年龄组(10~13岁)。测量了儿童的身高、体重、眼轴长度(axial length,AL)、最大角膜屈光度(steepest keratometry,K1)及最小角膜屈光度(flattest keratometry,K2),并计算了体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、角膜散光(keratometric astigmatism,ΔK)、角膜屈光度(mean keratometry,K)、角膜曲率(corneal radius,CR)和轴率比(axial length/corneal radius ratio,AL/CR)。对眼球生物学参数与身体参数进行相关性分析。采用LASSO回归分析筛选出最佳变量,在调整了年龄和性别的混杂因素后,构建线性回归模型。结果本研究共纳入6~13岁儿童3986例,其中男孩2094例(52.53%),女孩1892例(47.47%);低年龄组2162例、高年龄组1824例。女孩的K、ΔK和AL/CR值均高于男孩(43.38 D vs 42.7 D,t=-7.84,P<0.01;1.1 D vs 1.01 D,t=-2.14,P=0.03;2.97 vs 2.96,t=3.32,P=0.02),男孩的AL、身高、体重和BMI均高于女孩(23.47 mm vs 23.02 mm,t=13.77,P<0.01;1.34 m vs 1.33 m,t=3.02,P=0.03;32 kg vs 29.5 kg,t=7.82,P<0.01;17.4 vs 16.52,t=10.36,P<0.01)。用LASSO回归对3个身体参数变量(身高、体重、BMI)进行筛选,确定身高是对于AL/CR最佳的身体参数变量。调节混杂因素后,显示低年龄组(6~9岁),儿童的身高与AL/CR之间具有显著的正相关性(b=0.174,95%CI:0.106~0.241,P<0.001);而高年龄组(10~13岁),儿童的身高与AL/CR之间不具有相关性(b=0.086,95%CI:-0.038~0.21,P=0.174)。结论新疆石河子地区的低年龄组儿童的身高与近视增长呈显著正相关;高年龄组儿童的身高与近视增长无相关性。ObjectiveTo study the correlation between myopia growth and physical development of primary school student in Shihezi area of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region by measuring the ocular biometry and physical parameters of the eye,and to provide an objective basis for the development of myopia prevention and control.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used.The Grade 1-6 students from 33 schools in Shihezi area were randomly selected in October 2023.The children were classified according to age into the low age group(6-9 years)and the high age group(10-13 years).The children′s height,weight,axial length(AL),maximum keratometry(steepest keratometry,K1),and minimum keratometry(flattest keratometry,K1)were measured.The body mass index(BMI),keratometric astigmatism(ΔK),mean keratometry(K),corneal radius(CR)and AL/CR were calculated.Correlation analyses were performed between ocular biometry and physical parameters.LASSO regression analysis was used to screen the best variables,and linear regression models were constructed after adjusting for confounding factors of age and sex.ResultsA total of 3986 children aged 6-13 years were included in this study,including 2094 boys(52.53%)and 1892 girls(47.47%);2162 in the lower age group and 1824 in the upper age group.Girls had higher K,ΔK and AL/CR values than boys(43.38 D vs 42.7 D,t=-7.84,P<0.01;1.1 D vs 1.01 D,t=-2.14,P=0.03;2.97 vs 2.96,t=3.32,P=0.02).Boys had higher AL,height,weight and BMI than girls(23.47 mm vs 23.02 mm,t=13.77,P<0.01;1.34 m vs 1.33 m,t=3.02,P=0.03;32 kg vs 29.5 kg,t=7.82,P<0.01;17.4 vs 16.52,t=10.36,P<0.01).LASSO regression was used to screen the 3 physical parameter variables(height,weight,and BMI)to determine that height was the best physical parameter variable for AL/CR.After adjusting for confounders,it was shown that in the low age group(6-9 years),there was a significant positive correlation between children′s height and AL/CR(b=0.174,95%CI:0.106 to 0.241,P<0.001),whereas in the high age group(10-13 years),there was no correlation betwee

关 键 词：学龄儿童 近视 眼轴 轴率比 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]