结构化运动干预对白血病行脐血移植患者健康体适能的影响  

Effects of a structured exercise intervention on the healthy physical fitness in patients with leukemia receiving umbilical cord blood transplantation

作　　者：黄璐 吴云[2] 胡文文 强萍 吴耀华 张永亮[4] Huang Lu;Wu Yun;Hu Wenwen;Qiang Ping;Wu Yaohua;Zhang Yongliang(School of Management,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Department of Hematology,the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230001,China;School of Nursing,Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233030,China;Department of Health Management Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学管理学院,合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)血液科,合肥230001 [3]蚌埠医科大学护理学院,蚌埠233030 [4]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)健康管理中心,合肥230001

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2024年第12期899-904,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(重点项目)(2023AH053393)。

摘　　要：目的探讨结构化运动干预对白血病行脐血移植患者健康体适能的影响。方法本研究为随机对照试验,于2022年8月至2023年10月在中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)血液科招募行脐血移植的50例白血病患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(24例)和试验组(26例)。对照组住院期间接受常规护理健康教育和运动指导,试验组实施中等强度的结构化运动干预,包括有氧、抗阻运动以及柔韧性练习,3次/周,30~40 min/次,共干预6~8周。研究过程中有2例患者因疾病原因出组,最终纳入对照组22例,试验组26例。采用配对t检验、Wilcoxon检验和协方差分析对两组患者干预前后健康体适能指标进行比较,探讨结构化运动干预对白血病行脐血移植患者健康体适能的影响。结果干预前,两组年龄、性别、疾病等基线特征差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。试验组患者住院期间运动参与率为73.4%,每周运动(2.20±0.41)次,每次运动(34.34±5.05)min,自觉用力程度得分为(13.04±0.82)分。干预后,两组心肺耐力、肌肉适能、功能性活动状态均显著下降,试验组下降差值均显著低于对照组[6 min步行距离(48.81±30.39)比(143.05±77.26)m、左手握力(2.57±1.30)比(6.72±4.88)kg、右手握力(2.47±1.97)比(6.34±5.70)kg、左上肢力量(4.12±2.07)比(8.18±5.26)次、右上肢力量(3.96±2.29)比(7.91±5.16)次、30 s椅子站立试验(3.65±1.98)比(7.86±4.34)次、起立行走计时试验(0.65±0.53)比(2.35±1.79)s](均P<0.05);在柔韧性适能方面,试验组干预后坐位体前屈指标显著优于干预前[2.00(-4.75,8.18)比0(-9.75,6.43)cm](P=0.011),对照组干预前后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论结构化运动干预在减少白血病行脐血移植患者健康体适能下降方面具有优势,对其健康体适能具有保护作用。Objective To explore the effects of a structured exercise intervention on the healthy physical fitness in patients with leukemia receiving umbilical cord blood transplantation.Methods It was a randomized controlled trial,conducted from August 2022 to October 2023 at the Department of Hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China(Anhui Provincial Hospital).Fifty leukemia patients undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation were recruited and were randomly assigned to either the control group(24 cases)or the intervention group(26 cases)using a random number table method.The control group received routine nursing care,health education,and exercise guidance during hospitalization.The intervention group were given moderate-intensity structured exercise intervention,including aerobic,resistance exercises,and flexibility training,three times per week for 30 to 40 minutes per session,over a period of 6 to 8 weeks.During the study,2 patients withdrew due to disease reasons,and finally,22 patients in the control group and 26 patients in the intervention group were obtained.The paired t-test,Wilcoxon test,and covariance analysis were used to compare the indices of healthy physical fitness before and after the intervention between the two groups,aiming to explore the effects of a structured exercise intervention on the healthy physical fitness of leukemia patients undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation.Results Before the intervention,there was no significant differences in baseline characteristics,such as age,gender and disease status between the two groups(all P>0.05).During the hospitalization phase,the rate of exercise participation in the intervention group was 73.4%,the frequency of exercise was(2.20±0.41)sessions per week and the duration of each exercise session was(34.34±5.05)minutes,and the Borg′s rating of perceived exertion was(13.04±0.82)points.After intervention,the indicators including cardiovascular endurance,muscle fitness,and functional act

关 键 词：白血病 干细胞移植 运动疗法 健康体适能 

分 类 号：R733.7[医药卫生—肿瘤] R457.7[医药卫生—临床医学]