不同生长年份牛大力根淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径转录组分析  

Transcriptome Analysis Related to Starch and Sucrose Metabolism Pathways of C.specisoa at Different Developmental Stages

作　　者：羊青[1] 顾学金 王清隆[1] 张旻 晏小霞[1] 汤欢[1] 王祝年[1] 冯世秀[3] 王茂媛[1] YANG Qing;GU Xuejin;WANG Qinglong;ZHANG Min;YAN Xiaoxia;TANG Huan;WANG Zhunian;FENG Shixiu;WANG Maoyuan(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine(Haikou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Tropical Wild Plant Gene Resource,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical medicinal plants,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665001,China;Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen&Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Plant Diversity,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部中药材生物学与栽培重点实验室/农业农村部热带农业野生植物基因资源鉴定评价中心/海南省热带药用植物工程研究中心,海南海口571101 [2]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665001 [3]深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园/深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室,广东深圳518004

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2025年第1期21-34,共14页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院国家热带农业科学中心科技创新团队项目(No.CATASCXTD202408);农业农村部农垦局政府购买服务项目“南药种质资源收集保存、鉴定评价与利用”(No.18230164);海南省重大科技计划项目(No.ZDKJ2021001)。

摘　　要：牛大力是一种重要的多年生药食同源植物,其主要成分为淀粉和糖类。为了探究不同生长年份牛大力根淀粉和糖类物质合成的规律及其内在基因调控网络,本研究以3年生(NG3)、7年生(NG7)、10年生(NG10)和15年生(NG15)4个生长年份的牛大力根为研究对象,测定总多糖、淀粉和蔗糖的含量,并完成转录组测序,筛选分析不同年份间牛大力根的差异表达基因(DEGs),重点解析淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径DEGs的功能。糖类和淀粉物质测定结果表明,随着年份的增长,总多糖与淀粉含量均呈现增加趋势,生长至15年时的含量最高,而蔗糖含量在3年时最高,随后呈现下降趋势。转录组测序发现,随着生长年份跨度增加,NG3vs NG7、NG3 vsNG10和NG3 vs NG15对比的DEGs总数呈上升趋势,分别为526、1848和1937个。进一步挖掘淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径中的DEGs,共有62个DEGs在3个比较组中差异表达,其中,蔗糖合成基因的表达量随年份增加而下降,淀粉合成基因随年份的增加较淀粉降解基因占主导,纤维素降解酶随年份增加表达量降低。最终筛选出5个淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径的关键酶基因进行荧光定量PCR验证,其表达变化趋势与转录组测序结果基本一致。研究结果表明,牛大力在3~7年时处于生长活跃期,以蔗糖、纤维素和淀粉的合成为主,促进根部快速膨大发育。生长至7年时,以淀粉的积累、蔗糖的分解和纤维素的降解为特征,进入生长平稳期。本研究对于牛大力根膨大特性的研究、高成薯性牛大力种质创新和科学采收都有积极的指导意义。Callerya speciosa is an important perennial medicinal and edible plant,with starch and saccharides as the main contents.This study investigated the development law of starch and sucrose metabolism pathways of C.specisoa at different developmental stages and its internal gene regulatory network.Four growth years of C.speciosa roots,in-cluding 3-year-old(NG3),7-year-old(NG7),10-year-old(NG10),and 15-year-old(NG15),were used as the research objects.The content of total polysaccharide,starch,and sucrose was determined,and transcriptome sequencing was carried out.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between different years were screened,and the functions of DEGs in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathways were focused on.The results showed that with the increase of years,the content of total polysaccharides and starch both showed an increasing trend,with the highest content at 15 years,while the sucrose content was the highest at 3 years,followed by a downward trend.Through transcriptome sequencing,NG3 was compared with NG7,NG10,and NG15,respectively,for intergroup gene expression analysis.With the increase of the growth year span,the total number of DEGs increased.To further explore DEGs in the starch and sucrose metabo-lism pathways,a total of 62 DEGs were differentially expressed in the three comparison groups,mainly participating in the regulation of starch,sucrose,and cellulose metabolism.Among them,the expression of sucrose synthesis genes de-creased with the increase of years;the expression of starch synthesis genes dominated over starch degradation genes with the increase of years;and the expression of cellulose degradation enzymes decreased with the increase of years.Five key genes in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathways were screened out for fluorescence quantitative PCR verification,and the expression trend was basically consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results.The results indicate that C.speciosa is in the growth active period from 3 to 7 years,with the synthesis of sucrose,cellulose,and

关 键 词：牛大力 根 生长年份 淀粉 蔗糖代谢 转录组分析 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]