林业废弃物的食用菌基质化利用研究进展  

Advances in substrate utilization of forestry wastes on cultivating edible fungi

作　　者：武月园 刘宇[1,2] 孙晓红 高琪[1] 郑凯 王守现 宋庆港[1] 宋爽 WU Yueyuan;LIU Yu;SUN Xiaohong;GAO Qi;ZHENG Kai;WANG Shouxian;SONG Qinggang;SONG Shuang(Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom,Beijing 100097,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China;Institute of Biotechnology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所,北京市食用菌工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097 [3]北京市农林科学院生物技术研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2024年第6期146-152,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJJ202129);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目(KJCX20230809);北京市食用菌创新团队(BAIC03)。

摘　　要：我国林业资源丰富,森林维护和林木加工过程中产生了大量的林业废弃物。食用菌强大的碳水化合物降解酶系可将林业废弃物中的营养转化为对人体健康有益的菌物蛋白、活性多糖、膳食纤维等。林业废弃物的食用菌基质化利用不仅可以消耗大量林业废弃物,同时还可以解决食用菌栽培原料短缺的问题。本文从林业废弃物资源化利用现状及其食用菌基质化利用等方面,论述了林业废弃物作为食用菌栽培基质的可行性和存在的问题,并探讨了从宏观政策引导、基础应用研究加强以及基质化生产链条建立等角度推进林业和菌业结合的发展潜力,以期为林业废弃物生产食用菌提供参考。China’s forestry resources are abundant,with substantial quantities of forestry waste generated during forest conservation and wood processing.The potent carbohydrate-degrading enzyme systems in edible fungi can convert the nutrients in forestry waste into mycoprotein,active polysaccharide,dietary fiber and other compounds beneficial to human health.Utilizing forestry waste as a substrate for edible fungi not only helps to consume large amounts of waste but also addresses the shortage of raw materials for mushroom cultivation.This paper examines the current status of forestry waste valorization and its utilization as a substrate for edible fungi,discussing the feasibility and challenges of using forestry waste as a cultivation substrate.It also explores potential avenues for advancing the integration of forestry and mushroom industries,including macro-policy guidance,strengthening of fundamental and applied research,and establishment of a substrate production chain,with the aim of providing references to the production of edible fungi from forestry waste.

关 键 词：林业废弃物 食用菌 基质化利用 

分 类 号：S719[农业科学—林学]