古代素髹乐器探究  

Exploration of Ancient plain lacquered Musical Instruments

作　　者：杨舒涵 方晓阳 原博[1] YANG Shu-han;FANG Xiao-yang;YUAN Bo

机构地区：[1]清华大学美术学院,北京100049 [2]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国生漆》2024年第4期1-7,28,共8页Journal of Chinese Lacquer

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“物理学及相关技术在考古中的应用”(编号:11120005)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：在古代,很多传统乐器都用大漆髹成,具有鲜明的东方审美观。大漆不仅有防蚀、耐酸碱、防潮、耐高温等功能,乐器髹漆后,器表坚硬,保护乐器在移动和使用过程中不必要的损伤,具有增强乐器使用寿命的作用。素髹类乐器不加纹饰,以色漆的质地美、肌理美凸显髹饰技艺。红与黑是素髹技艺中两大主色。退光、揩光是影响乐器漆面光泽的两种工艺,且主要影响因素是漆后再处理。黑髹类乐器,用名乌漆或名玄漆,总要正黑至纯、光泽如玉为佳。朱髹类乐器揩光如珊瑚般鲜艳,退光显得朴雅。其他素髹类乐器或采用黄髹、绿髹、紫髹和褐髹等工艺。In ancient times,many traditional musical instruments were painted with lacquer,which had a distinct Eastern aesthetic.Chinese lacquer not only has functions such as corrosion resistance,acid and alkali resistance,moisture resistance,and high temperature resistance,but also makes the surface of musical instruments hard after painting,protecting them from unnecessary damage during movement and use,and enhancing their disabilities.Plain lacquered musical instruments do not have decorative patterns,but highlight the skill of painting with the beauty of the color and texture of the paint.Red and black are the two main colors in lacquer techniques among which polishing and glossing are the two processes that affect the gloss of the surface paint of musical instruments.And the main influencing factor is the post-treatment after acquering.The black lacquer instruments is called“Wuqi or Xuanqi”which refer to black lacquer,and it is best to have a pure black color with a luster like jade.“Zhu Xi”,the red lacquer musical instruments shine brightly like coral,and simple and elegant after polishing.Other lacquer musical instruments may use.

关 键 词：古代乐器 素髹技艺 黑髹类乐器 朱髹类乐器 彩髹类乐器 

分 类 号：TS953.2[轻工技术与工程]