父母情感支持对高中生考试焦虑的影响——基于自尊和心理弹性的链式中介效应分析  

The Impact of Parental Emotional Support on the Test Anxiety of High School Students:An Analysis Based on the Chained Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem and Psychological Resilience

作　　者：张文娟[1] 李雪辉 ZHANG Wenjuan;LI Xuehui(School of Education Science,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学教育科学学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《基础教育参考》2024年第12期65-76,共12页Basic Education Review

摘　　要：青少年考试焦虑已成为影响学生心理健康的重要因素。为探讨父母情感支持对青少年考试焦虑的影响及其机制,对我国72所高中的两千多名高三学生开展问卷调查,根据调查数据构建结构方程模型,并进行中介效应检验。研究结果表明,父母情感支持、自尊和心理弹性之间存在显著正相关关系,且三者与考试焦虑显著负相关。父母情感支持不仅对考试焦虑有直接影响,还通过自尊和心理弹性的单独和链式中介效应对考试焦虑产生间接影响。基于此,建议家长增强情感支持,以帮助青少年提升自尊,同时鼓励青少年关注自我认知与情绪管理,增强心理弹性。Test anxiety has become a critical factor affecting students’mental health.To explore the impact of parental emotional support on adolescent test anxiety and its underlying mechanisms,researchers conducted a questionnaire survey among more than 2,000 senior high school students from 72 high schools in an eastern city of China.Based on the survey data,a structural equation model was constructed,and mediation effect tests were performed.The results showed that parental emotional support,self-esteem,and psychological resilience were significantly positively correlated,while all three were significantly negatively correlated with test anxiety.Parental emotional support not only had a direct effect on test anxiety but also exerted an indirect effect through the independent and chain mediation effects of self-esteem and psychological resilience.Based on these findings,it is recommended that parents enhance emotional support to help adolescents improve self-esteem,while also encouraging them to focus on self-awareness and emotional management to strengthen psychological resilience.

关 键 词：考试焦虑 父母情感支持 自尊 心理弹性 高中生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]