白酒酒糟基多孔碳材料碳化工艺调控及其储锂性能  

Regulation of Carbonization Process and Lithium Storage Performance of Porous Carbon Materials based on Baijiu Distiller’s Grains

作　　者：许珑瀚 苏建 黎崎均 周强 姚卫棠 刘小楠 孔清泉 XU Longhan;SU Jian;LI Qijun;ZHOU Qiang;YAO Weitang;LIU Xiaonan;KONG Qingquan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,Sichuan,China;Wuliangye Yibin Co.,Ltd.,Yibin 644007,Sichuan,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Zigong 643000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学机械工程学院,成都610106 [2]宜宾五粮液股份有限公司,四川宜宾644007 [3]四川轻化工大学化学工程学院,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2024年第4期40-48,共9页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：五粮液集团产学研合作项目(CXY2021ZR002)。

摘　　要：为获得资源丰富且价格低廉的生物质衍生的碳作为锂离子电池负极材料,使用白酒酒糟为原料,以ZnCl_(2)为活化剂,采用两步碳化法获得了多孔碳材料,探究了高温碳化温度对多孔碳材料的结构、形貌和价态演变以及电化学储锂性能的影响。结果表明:随着碳化温度的增加,多孔碳材料的结晶度增加,比表面积下降,缺陷浓度降低,石墨氮的比例增加,有助于提升碳材料的电导率。当作为储锂负极材料使用时,650℃制备的多孔碳具有最高的首次库仑效率71.8%、高比容量510.8 mAh·g^(-1)(0.1 A·g^(-1))、高倍率特性(5 A·g^(-1)比容量保持127.3 mAh·g^(-1))、低且安全的工作电压(0.5 V(相对Li/Li^(+))),在构建电池时能够拥有高功率密度和优异的安全性。研究结果为白酒酒糟基多孔碳材料的制备及白酒酒糟废弃物的资源化利用提供了新的解决思路。To obtain resource-rich and cost-effective biomass-derived carbon as negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries,Baijiu distiller’s grains were used as the raw material,with ZnCl_(2)as the activating agent,employing a two-step carbonization method to obtain porous carbon materials.The study explored the influence of high-temperature carbonization temperature on the structure,morphology,evolution of valence states,and electrochemical lithium storage performance of porous carbon materials.The results indicate that with an increase in carbonization temperature,the crystallinity of the porous carbon materials increases,while the specific surface area decreases,defect concentration reduces,and the proportion of graphitic nitrogen increases,contributing to enhanced electrical conductivity of the carbon materials.When used as lithium storage negative electrode materials,porous carbon prepared at 650℃exhibits the highest initial Coulombic efficiency of 71.8%,a high specific capacity of 510.8 mAh·g^(-1)(at 0.1 A·g^(-1)),excellent rate capability(maintaining a specific capacity of 127.3 mAh·g^(-1)at 5 A·g^(-1)),and a low and safe operating voltage(0.5 V(vs.Li/Li^(+))),enabling high power density and outstanding safety when constructing batteries.The research results provide a new approach for the preparation of Baijiu lees-based porous carbon materials and the resource utilization of Baijiu distiller’s grains waste.

关 键 词：白酒酒糟 碳材料 高温碳化 锂离子电池 负极材料 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工] TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]