绿氢生产技术研究进展及发展趋势  

Research Progress and Trends of Green Hydrogen Production Technology

作　　者：党成雄 杨光星 王宇 王浩帆 余皓[2] DANG Chengxiong;YANG Guangxing;WANG Yu;WANG Haofan;YU Hao(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学化学化工学院,广州510006 [2]华南理工大学化学与化工学院,广州510641

出　　处：《前瞻科技》2024年第4期9-21,共13页Science and Technology Foresight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22078106);广东省自然科学基金(2024B1515040016)。

摘　　要：绿氢已经成为构建多元绿色能源结构的重要技术选项,在实现“碳达峰与碳中和”目标进程中具有关键作用。文章旨在综述绿氢生产技术的研发进展和发展趋势。根据中国氢能产业的发展现状和政策背景,界定了适合于国内外研发现状的绿氢定义,重点介绍了可再生能源分解水制氢、生物质制氢技术,分析了各自的技术特点、优势和挑战。此外,还探讨了核能制氢、甲烷热解制氢、绿氨制氢和水氢等虽不属于传统的绿氢,但有可能对碳减排起到重要作用的技术。最后,对绿氢生产中存在的问题进行了总结,从政策激励、技术创新、市场应用等方面对中国绿氢发展给出了建议。Green hydrogen has become an important technological option for building a diversified green energy structure and plays a key role in achieving carbon neutrality goals.This article aims to review the research and development progress of green hydrogen production technology.Based on the current development status and policy background of China's hydrogen energy industry,this article defined green hydrogen according to the Chinese and international research and development status and focused on hydrogen production from renewable energy water splitting and biomass.The technical characteristics,advantages,and challenges of these technologies were analyzed.Additionally,technologies such as hydrogen production by nuclear energy,methane pyrolysis,green ammonia,and aqua hydrogen,which do not belong to traditional green hydrogen but may play an important role in carbon emission reduction,were explored.Finally,the article summarized the issues existing in green hydrogen production and provided suggestions for the development of green hydrogen in China from aspects such as policy incentives,technological innovation,and market application.

关 键 词：绿氢 电解水 水分解 生物质 碳排放 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工]