我国民事诉讼费用法定范围:理论廓清与规范检讨  

Statutory Scope of Civil Litigation Fees in China:Theoretical Clarification and Regulatory Review

作　　者：占善刚 Zhan Shangang

机构地区：[1]武汉大学环境法研究所 [2]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2024年第6期60-69,共10页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新时代生态文明建设司法保障与服务的完善研究”(编号:22JJD820014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：民事诉讼费用之客观范围呈现裁判费用与裁判外费用的复合构造,相应因循有偿主义与有效权利保护等不同法理。裁判费用反映法院在具体诉讼活动中代表国家行使司法权的成本,具体包括规费与垫付款项两部分;裁判外费用则承载当事人处理法律纠纷的私人成本,可细分为直接费用与准备费用。检视我国诉讼费用法定范围的既有规范,其主要存在裁判费用法定范围失之过狭和裁判外费用制度性缺失的双重症结。鉴于此,应有序扩展民事诉讼费用的法定范围:一方面,充实《民事诉讼法》的指引条款,规范裁判外费用的法律实施;另一方面,完善《诉讼费用交纳办法》的收费范围,注重裁判费用的合理征缴。The objective scope of civil litigation costs presents a complex structure composed of adjudication costs and extra-adjudication costs,corresponding to different legal theories such as the principle of remuneration and the principle of effective rights protection.Adjudication costs reflect the cost of the courts exercising judicial power on behalf of the state in specific litigation activities,specifically encompassing two parts:regulatory fees and advance payments.Extra-adjudication costs bear the private costs of parties in handling legal disputes and can be subdivided into direct costs and preparatory costs.Reviewing the existing norms regarding the statutory scope of litigation costs in our country reveals the dual cruxes of an overly narrow statutory scope for adjudication costs and the institutional absence of extra-adjudication costs.In view of this,the statutory scope of civil litigation costs should be expanded in an orderly manner.On the one hand,the guiding rules of the Civil Procedure Law should be enriched to regulate the legal implementation of extra-adjudication costs.On the other hand,the charging scope of the Measures on the Payment of Litigation Costs should be improved,with emphasis on the reasonable collection of adjudication costs.

关 键 词：有偿主义 有效权利保护 裁判费用 裁判外费用 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]