审理涉表见代理纠纷的裁判思维  

Adjudication Thinking on Disputes Involving Apparent Agency

作　　者：何波 He Bo

机构地区：[1]最高人民法院审判监督庭

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2024年第6期149-166,共18页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

摘　　要：为妥善审理涉及表见代理纠纷案件,行为人代理权外观以及相关联信息都是影响相对人判断行为人是否有代理权的因素,相对人在行为时不知道行为人无权代理且无过失,才能主张表见代理的保护。在判断行为人代理权外观、相对人是否善意时,法官要依诚信原则和公序良俗的法律和道德要求,确立以理性人标准进行衡量和综合判断,但被代理人过错不是表见代理的构成要件。此外,行为人构成犯罪并不必然阻却表见代理。法官在认定是否构成表见代理关系时,应当维护社会交易安全,确立依法保护被代理人、相对人、行为人合法权益的原则,引导被代理人、相对人、行为人本着诚信原则健康交易。In order to handle disputes involving apparent agency,the appearance of the agent's authority and related information are factors that affect the counterparty's judgment on whether the agent has the authority.The counterparty can claim the protection of apparent agency only if they did not know that the agent was unauthorized and were not at fault when they acted.When judging appearance of the agent's authority and whether the counterparty is in good faith,the judge should establish the standard of a reasonable person based on the principles of honesty good faith and the requirements of public order and good morals,but the fault of the principal is not a constituent element of apparent agency.Moreover,the agent's behavior does not necessarily preclude the establishment of apparent agency.When determining whether an apparent agency relationship exists,the judge should maintain the safety of social transactions,establish principle of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the principal,the counterparty,and the agent,and guide the principal,the counterparty,and the agent engage in transactions in a healthy manner based on the principles of honesty and good faith.

关 键 词：诚信 善意相对人 代理权外观 举证责任 综合评判 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学] D923[政治法律—法学]