民事二审审理范围探究  

Reforming the Adjudicating Mode of the Civil Second Instance Trial under the Perspective of Remand Cases of the Civil Second Instance Trail

作　　者：李潇潇 Li Xiaoxiao

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2024年第6期167-180,共14页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

基　　金：北京师范大学青年教师基金项目“民事二审程序研究”(项目批准号:2020NTSS35)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以上诉请求作为二审审理范围划定标准的困境集中体现于两项要素之综合作用:审理上诉请求可能涉及未上诉内容之重新确定及被上诉人答辩内容对上诉请求可能形成的范围扩张。就上诉请求与未上诉内容的关系而言,其又存在二元化的类型模式:对未上诉内容质的扩张及量的扩张。一方面,在质的扩张时,上诉请求还应涵盖对上诉判项予以重新裁量后,可能与之对立冲突的其他判项内容;另一方面,在量的扩张时,对上诉请求应进行限缩解释,仅限于上诉人明确要求增加或减少的数额部分。就上诉请求与被上诉人答辩内容而言,在我国尚未确立附带上诉之制度背景下,宜将被上诉人答辩内容作为反诉处理,进而可以被纳入二审审理范畴。基于对上诉请求的此种重新界定,也就能够据此划定禁止不利变更原则在我国民事诉讼中的运行范畴,其限于仅有一方当事人上诉时,审理上诉判项未能导致未上诉判项与上诉改判判项的矛盾对立,且被上诉人亦未通过答辩提出不服申明之特定领域。同时,二审裁定驳回起诉及发回重审案件能够对该原则之适用产生程序突破。Reverse and remand are two main solutions for the second instance trial when the first instance trial exists problems.These two solutions are both for the purpose of supervision and correction,which in practice are frequently applied.Starting from empirical cases,facing the application standard chaos of these two solutions in relevant regulations,and the unscientifical setting of specific causes,based upon the special exception of correction function of the second instance trial,from the perspective of remand cases of second instance trial,it is necessary to clarify the functioning boundary of reverse verdict in second instance trial,while delineate the functioning scope of reverse verdict in second instance trial.Starting from the functioning position of remand cases in second instance trial,the remand cases shall be limited to the wrongdoing of the first instance trial caused by the subjective fault of the first instance court,which cause the gross damage to litigants’interests in court trial instances.However,whether to remand the case shall be upon the litigants’autonomy of meaning.When both litigants disagree remand the case,adverse verdict shall be in place.

关 键 词：二审审理范围 上诉请求 禁止不利变更 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]