环境公益诉讼与生态环境损害赔偿诉讼衔接的实现路径  

The Pathway to Integrating Environmental Public Interest Litigation and Ecological Environmental Damage Compensation Litigation

作　　者：张瑞萍 刘宝睿 ZHANG Rui-ping;LIU Bao-rui(School of Environmental Law,Gansu University of Political Science and Law,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃政法大学环境法学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州财经大学学报》2024年第6期72-81,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金一般项目“新发展阶段自然资源资产负债核算理论体系构建与实践应用研究”(22BTJ001);2022年甘肃省社科规划一般项目“甘肃省实现‘双碳’目标的碳排放权交易制度构造研究”(2022YB084);2023年甘肃省人民检察院检察理论研究课题生态环境检察公益诉讼适用惩罚性赔偿制度研究"(GSJC2023-34-01)。

摘　　要：环境损害救济的司法实践呈现出环境公益诉讼与生态环境损害赔偿诉讼并行的局面,从两种诉讼的联系与区别来看,生态环境损害赔偿诉讼绝对优先之合理性存疑。针对二者衔接的理论基础和现实困境,在明确生态环境损害赔偿诉讼的性质与适用范围的同时,应厘清诉前与诉中行政、司法机关的职责,优化诉讼全程的各诉讼主体协作机制,通过司法解释进一步明确区分存在损害生态环境公共利益的重大风险与已产生实质性生态环境损害结果两种情形的诉讼顺位,从而更好地发挥我国生态环境损害救济的司法保障作用,助推人与自然和谐共生的中国特色社会主义现代化建设。The judicial practice of environmental damage relief presents a scenario where environmen-tal public interest litigation and ecological environmental damage compensation litigation run parallel.From the perspective of the relationship and distinctions between these two types of litigation,the ratio-nale for the absolute priority of ecological environmental damage compensation litigation is questionable.Addressing the theoretical foundation and practical challenges of their integration,it is essential to clari-fy the nature and scope of ecological environmental damage compensation litigation while delineating the responsibilities of administrative and judicial authorities before and during litigationand optimizing the col-laborative mechanisms among all litigation parties throughout the process.Judicial interpretation should further clarify the precedence of litigation between cases involving a significant risk of damaging the public interest in the ecological environment and those where substantial ecological and environmen-tal damage has already occurred,thereby better fulfilling the judicial protection role of ecological envi-ronmental damage relief in China and promoting the harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature in the socialist modernization construction with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：环境民事公益诉讼 环境行政公益诉讼 生态环境损害赔偿诉讼 衔接路径 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.68[政治法律—法学]