生成式人工智能教育应用的反智隐忧及应对  

Anti-intellectual Concerns and Countermeasures in the Educational Applications of Generative Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：涂明辉[1] 谢丹[1] Tu Minghui;Xie Dan

机构地区：[1]江西省社会科学院法学研究所,江西南昌330077

出　　处：《教育学术月刊》2024年第11期88-94,共7页Education Research Monthly

基　　金：江西省社会科学基金项目“数字经济平台垄断行为的法律规制研究”(编号:21FX14)。

摘　　要：生成式人工智能新兴技术已经开始介入教育领域,在助力教育革新的同时,对学生群体智力的发展暗含隐忧。生成式人工智能对学习主体智力发展弱化的影响主要源自人类大脑的生理特征、智能技术对学习者技能发展过程的替代,内容幻觉对学习者事实性知识建构的误导以及生成式人工智能缺乏对真实世界的理解,从而导致学习主体的技术沉溺,智力活动弱化,知识谬误风险,高阶思维培养受限。应对生成式人工智能在教育运用上的反智风险,需要做到技术发展与治理并重,坚持以人为本的教育理念,维护学生在成长和学习过程中的内在驱动力,从制度层面进行前瞻预防与约束引导,立足教育本质研发自主可控的和更具适用性的教育专用大模型,确保我们的教育体系能够使学生获得扎实的基础知识,强化培养学生的人工智能素养,为教师建立正确使用人工智能的能力,创新适应生成式人工智能的教学设计。Generative artificial intelligence(Al)has begun to enter the field of education.While it helps to innovate education,it also brings hidden concerns about the intellectual development of students.The im-pact of generative AI on the weakening of learners'intellectual development mainly comes from the physi-ological characteristics of the human brain,intelligent technology's replacement of learners'skill develop-ment process,content illusion's misleading of learners'factual knowledge construction,and the limited ca-pacity of generative AI to understand the real world.These issues lead to learners'technology addiction,a de-cline in intellectual engagement,the risk of knowledge errors,and the hindered cultivation of high-order thinking.To deal with the anti-intellectual risks posed by generative AI in educational application,it is neces-sary to strike a balance between technological development and governance,adhere to the people-oriented educational philosophy,maintain the intrinsic driving force of students in their process of growth and learn-ing,conduct forward-looking prevention and constraint guidance at the institutional level,and develop inde-pendent,controllable and more applicable education-specific large models that are aligned with the essence of education.These models should ensure that the education system can enable students to acquire solid founda-tional knowledge,strengthen their AI literacy,equip teachers to use AI correctly,and innovate teaching de-signs that adapt to generative AI.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 教育运用 反智隐忧 以人为本 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]