蓄热式电锅炉温度非线性控制参数自整定技术  

Temperature Nonlinear Control Parameter Self-tuning Technology for Thermal Storage Electric Boiler

作　　者：费玉敏 FEI Yumin(Beijing Gas Energy Development Co.Ltd.,Beijing 101101,China)

机构地区：[1]北京燃气能源发展有限公司,北京101101

出　　处：《工业加热》2024年第12期33-37,41,共6页Industrial Heating

摘　　要：为了在蓄热式电锅炉稳态特性和动态特性之间取得平衡,针对温控系统滞后性较大,超调量控制鲁棒性和控制参数自整定效率较差的问题,以稳态偏差为主要被修正参数,提出了蓄热式电锅炉温度非线性控制参数自整定技术。基于蓄热式电锅炉原理,明确设备结构和工作模式。分析蓄热式电锅炉构造和温度传导机制,计算加热电阻发热量、固体蓄热物质的蓄热量、蓄热体热效率和选择循环风机,获得热效率,表征温度非线性程度,将热效率作为反馈指标,引入离散时间PID算法,联合非线性、滞后与惯性特征传递结果的三个控制器,分析稳态偏差、稳态偏差变化率,对比不同控制参数对动态响应特性和稳态性能的影响,对各参数进行在线修正,完成非线性控制参数自整定。实验结果表明,该技术应用后,电锅炉40℃响应过程调整时间为150 s,超调量为12%,电锅炉60℃响应过程调整时间为200 s,超调量为15%,稳态偏差为0。能够实现蓄热式电锅炉温度非线性控制参数自整定,响应时间快,整体稳定性能较优。In order to achieve a balance between the steady-state and dynamic characteristics of a thermal storage electric boiler,and to address the issues of large hysteresis in the temperature control system,poor robustness of overshoot control,and low efficiency of control parameter self-tuning,a nonlinear control parameter self-tuning technology for thermal storage electric boiler temperature is proposed,with steady-state deviation as the main corrected parameter.Based on the principle of thermal storage electric boilers,clarify the equipment structure and working mode.Analyze the structure and temperature conduction mechanism of a thermal storage electric boiler,calculate the heat generated by the heating resistor,the heat storage capacity of the solid thermal storage material,the thermal efficiency of the thermal storage body,and select the circulating fan to obtain the thermal efficiency.Characterize the degree of temperature nonlinearity,use the thermal efficiency as a feedback indicator,introduce the discrete time PID algorithm,and combine the three controllers of nonlinear,hysteresis,and inertia characteristic transmission results to analyze the steady-state deviation and steady-state deviation change rate,compare the effects of different control parameters on dynamic response characteristics and steady-state performance,perform online correction on each parameter,and complete nonlinear control parameter self-tuning.The experimental results show that after the application of this technology,the adjustment time for the 40℃ response process of the electric boiler is 150 seconds,the overshoot is 12%,the adjustment time for the 60℃ response process of the electric boiler is 200 seconds,the overshoot is 15%,and the steady-state deviation is 0.Capable of achieving non-linear temperature control parameter self-tuning for thermal storage electric boilers,with fast response time and excellent overall stability performance.

关 键 词：蓄热式电锅炉 温度非线性控制 PID控制器 参数自整定 稳态温度 

分 类 号：TG155[金属学及工艺—热处理]