西医学术语汉译史研究的三个面相  

The Triple Facets of Historical Research on Chinese Translation of Western Medical Terminologies

作　　者：缪蓬 MIAO Peng

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学外语学院,上海200093

出　　处：《中国科技术语》2025年第1期51-56,共6页CHINA TERMINOLOGY

基　　金：全国科学技术名词审定委员会一般项目“传染病核心术语汉译研究”(YB2022011);上海市哲学社会科学规划项目“现代医学术语入华‘旅行’的历时性研究:1805—1949”(2022EYY008)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：目前学界对近代“西医东渐”的研究可谓汗牛充栋,其中的一个焦点问题是西医学术语究竟通过何种形式在汉语医学场域完成了翻译定名和概念阐释等过程。文章旨在揭示西医学术语汉译史研究的复杂性与跨学科性,通过将既存研究所显示的词典史、词汇史和概念史等研究路径相融合,探索用于追溯并再现西医学术语汉译过程的新方法。文章指出,西医学术语汉译史涉及术语翻译、概念阐释和知识建构等过程,因而其研究具有词汇、概念及知识的三重面相,三者同构共生、互补互融。在研究中对三者加以有机整合,有助于勾勒西医学术语汉译史原貌。Currently,considerable scholarly attention has been directed to the“eastward dissemination of western medicine”,with a particular emphasis on how western medical terminologies were translated and explained in the Chinese medical domain.This article aims to unravel the complexity and interdisciplinarity of historical research concerning the Chinese translation of western medical terminologies.It employs a blend of established methodologies,including history of lexicography,historical lexicology,and history of concepts,to propose an innovative approach for revisiting and reconstructing such translation processes.The study reveals that such processes involve not only term translation,but also conceptual interpretation and knowledge construction,thereby demonstrating a tripartite research paradigm characterized by the congruent and co-emergent facets of words,concepts,and knowledge.A comprehensive examination of these three facets contributes to sketching the authentic historical landscape of translating western medical terminologies in China.

关 键 词：西医学术语 汉译史 词汇 概念 知识 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生] H083[语言文字—语言学]