与同胞同住对青少年学业表现的影响  

Research on the Impact of Living with Siblings on Academic Performance of Adolescents

作　　者：吴炜 WU Wei

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学公共事务学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2025年第1期124-135,共12页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“教育获得中的同胞支持效应研究”(19YJC840044);“江苏服务型政府建设研究基地(南京理工大学)”项目。

摘　　要：已有的同胞结构与教育获得研究主要关注了由代际资源稀释所致的同胞竞争效应,很少考虑同胞组内的资源生产与传递及其后果,也较少探讨同胞的居住安排这一同胞结构维度对教育获得的影响。基于此,研究以同胞支持为理论视角,使用CEPS基线调查数据,分析了与同胞同住对青少年学业表现的影响,并对其群体差异进行了实证分析。研究发现:在人口大流动的时代背景下,我国青少年与同胞不同住现象已经比较普遍,有同胞的青少年中近三成未与同胞共同居住在一起;固定效应模型的结果显示,与同胞同住能够显著地提升青少年的学业表现;利用替换变量法和匹配方法进行稳健性检验,结果显示与同胞同住对青少年学业表现的影响仍然存在;机制分析表明,文化资本和社会资本是这一影响的中介路径,与那些未能和同胞同住的青少年相比,与同胞同住的青少年拥有更高的家庭文化资本和社会资本,进而提高了他们的学业表现;进一步的调节效应分析表明,与同胞同住对青少年学业表现的影响不存在阶层差异,与优势阶层的青少年相比,劣势阶层的青少年与同胞同住的教育效应并不存在差异。研究表明,同胞之间的居住安排对青少年的教育成就乃至社会流动具有重要作用,这意味着国家可以通过积极的社会政策促进家庭做出整体性迁移的决策,达到促进青少年的教育发展的目标。Based on the CEPS baseline survey data,this paper analyzed the impact of living with siblings on adolescent academic performance,and conducted an empirical analysis of their group differences.I find that in the era of large population mobility,the phenomenon of adolescents living differently from their compatriots in China has become more common.The results of the fixed effect model show that living with siblings can significantly improve the academic performance of adolescents.Using the substitution variable method and matching method,it was found that the impact of living with siblings on adolescent academic performance is robust.Cultural capital and social capital are the mediating mechanisms of this influence.Living with siblings improves academic performance by enhancing family cultural capital and social capital.There is no class difference in the impact of living with siblings on the academic performance of adolescents,and children from disadvantaged classes do not have disadvantages.Research shows that the living arrangements between siblings have a significant impact on the educational achievements and social mobility of adolescents,and social policies should be used to promote the overall migration of families.

关 键 词：与同胞同住 居住安排 同胞结构 阶层背景 学业表现 

分 类 号：C919[经济管理]