中华人民共和国成立以来民族干部政策历史演进、范式转换和基本经验——基于181份政策文本的分析  

The Historical Evolution,Paradigm Shift and Basic Experiences of Ethnic Cadre Policies Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China——An Analysis Based on 181 Policy Texts

作　　者：徐增阳[1] 罗添仁 XU Zengyang;LUO Tianren

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]中共云南省委党校(云南行政学院)校刊部,云南昆明650111

出　　处：《思想战线》2024年第6期31-40,共10页Thinking

摘　　要：民族干部是做好民族工作的重要依靠力量。民族干部政策作为培养和造就民族干部的行为准则和行动指南,是建设高素质民族干部队伍的根本保障。基于政策范式理论视角,对1949—2021年间涉及民族干部政策的181份政策文本进行分析,发现我国民族干部政策的历史演进经历了政治吸纳、政治稳定、政治认同三种政策范式的转换,体现出吸收式培养与适量配备、选拔式培养与规范配备、锻炼式培养与科学配备三个不同阶段的政策特点,蕴含着独具特色而又极具成效的基本经验:坚持民族平等、民族团结、各民族共同繁荣,从少数民族和民族地区的实际出发,采取形式灵活的政策实践方式。目前,中国共产党提出了“以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为主线,推动新时代党的民族工作高质量发展”的目标,未来还需要继续完善民族干部政策,推动族际政治整合,建构持续、稳定的国家认同。Ethnic cadres are an important force for doing ethnic work well.As a code of conduct and guide to action for their training and development,the policy on ethnic cadres,is a fundamental guarantee for building a high-quality ethnic cadre team.An analysis was conducted from the perspective of policy paradigm and based on 181 policy texts related to ethnic cadre policies from 1949 to 2021.It was found that the historical evolution of ethnic cadre policies since the founding of the People's Republic of China has gone through the transformation of three policy paradigms,namely,political absorption,political stability,and political identification.Each displays different policy characteristics:absorption-based training and appropriate staffing,selection-based training and standardized staffing,and exercise-based training and scientific staffing.The historical evolution of ethnic cadre policies thus contains unique and highly effective basic experiences.We should not only adhere to ethnic equality,ethnic unity,and common prosperity for all ethnic groups,but also adopt flexible forms of policy practice based on the realities of ethnic minorities and ethnic regions.At present,the CPC has put forward the goal of"fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation as the main line and promoting the high-quality development of the party's ethnic work in the new era".In the future,we need to continue to improve the ethnic cadre policy,promote inter-ethnic political integration,and build a sustainable and stable national identity.

关 键 词：民族干部政策 历史经验 铸牢中华民族共同体意识 国家认同 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]