组织身份变革视角下后发企业技术高端化的过程机制研究  

Process Mechanism of Latecomer Firms’Technological Upgrading from the Perspective of Organizational Identity Change

作　　者：张祺瑞 彭新敏[1] 刘电光 刘瑞禹 ZHANG Qi-rui;PENG Xin-min;LIU Dian-guang;LIU Rui-yu(Business School,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Business School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学商学院,宁波315211 [2]南京大学商学院,南京210093

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2024年第6期43-57,共15页R&D Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“最优区分视角下后发企业超越追赶的机制研究”(72172068);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“最优区分对后发企业超越追赶的影响机制研究”(22YJC630084);浙江省社会科学规划常规项目“后发企业超越追赶过程中身份与战略耦合的共淀机制研究”(24NDJC069YB)。

摘　　要：后发企业的技术高端化并非技术创新活动的单维升级,而是在持续变革的组织身份指引下技术创新活动的动态推进。现有文献虽然已关注高端化过程,但未能揭示在高度不确定情境下,后发企业如何主动调整组织身份进而引导与支持后发企业的技术创新活动并最终实现技术高端化的过程机制。将组织身份变革视角引入高端技术创新过程,通过对慈星公司2010—2022年在全成型横机领域的技术高端化历程展开纵向单案例研究,结果发现:后发企业在技术高端化过程中的“创新前端—新产品及工艺开发—商业化”3个阶段中,组织身份与技术创新相应地经历了“组织领域身份泛化—高端技术多向搜寻—组织领域身份聚焦—高端技术聚力攻关—组织角色身份提升—高端技术推广优化”的演化过程,分别克服了技术方向不确定性、产品性能不确定性和市场不确定性,最终实现了技术高端化。由此,研究结论揭示了组织身份变革视角下后发企业实现技术高端化的过程机制,为理解后发企业的技术高端化提供了动态的身份认知视角,也为后发企业有效实现技术高端化提供了管理启示。The process of technological upgrading of latecomer firms is not a unidimensional improvement of technological capability,but a dynamic advancement of such activities guided by the continuous change of organizational identity.Although existing literature has paid attention to technological upgrading processes,it has not explained how latecomer firms actively adapt their organizational identity in highly uncertain environments,thereby guiding and supporting their technological innovation activities and ultimately achieving high-end technological development.It introduced the perspective of organizational identity change into the process of technological upgrading.Through a longitudinal case study of Cixing’s transforming from a latecomer in ordinary computer flat knitting machines to the leader in full-fashioned flat knitting machines from 2010 to 2022,it finds that,in different stages of technological innovation as the forefront of innovation stage,the product and process development stage and the commercialization stage,latecomer firms’organizational identity and technological innovations evolved along the order as“domain identity generalizing,advanced technological searching,domain identity focusing,advanced technological developing,role identity rising,advanced technological promotion and optimization”.Through this process,latecomer firms overcame the uncertainty of technical direction,the uncertainty of product performance and the uncertainty of markets,and finally achieved a leading position in the field of advanced technology.Thus,it puts forward an evolutionary model of organizational identity change and technological innovation in the context of latecomer firms’technological upgrading,reveals the process mechanism featuring exploratory and constructive nature in the shift to a new technological paradigm,provides a dynamic identity cognition lens for understanding latecomer firms’technological upgrading,and offers managerial insight for latecomer firms to realize successful technological upgrad

关 键 词：技术高端化 技术创新 组织身份变革 后发企业 过程机制 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]